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Large language models (LLMs) have emerged as a cornerstone in real-world applications with lengthy streaming inputs (e.g., LLM-driven agents). However, existing LLMs, pre-trained on sequences with a restricted maximum length, cannot process…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Chaojun Xiao , Pengle Zhang , Xu Han , Guangxuan Xiao , Yankai Lin , Zhengyan Zhang , Zhiyuan Liu , Maosong Sun

Explicit chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning substantially improves the reasoning ability of large language models (LLMs), but incurs high inference cost due to lengthy autoregressive traces. Existing latent reasoning methods offer a promising…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Hui Xie , Jie Liu , Ziyue Qiao , Joaquin Vanschore

Large language models (LLMs) face significant challenges in processing long contexts due to the linear growth of the key-value (KV) cache and quadratic complexity of self-attention. Existing approaches address these bottlenecks separately:…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Zeng You , Yaofo Chen , Qiuwu Chen , Ying Sun , Shuhai Zhang , Yingjian Li , Yaowei Wang , Mingkui Tan

Transformer-based large language models (LLMs) have already achieved remarkable results on long-text tasks, but the limited GPU memory (VRAM) resources struggle to accommodate the linearly growing demand for key-value (KV) cache as the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Shibo Jie , Yehui Tang , Kai Han , Zhi-Hong Deng , Jing Han

Traditional approaches to adapting multi-modal large language models (MLLMs) to new tasks have relied heavily on fine-tuning. This paper introduces Efficient Multi-Modal Long Context Learning (EMLoC), a novel training-free alternative that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Zehong Ma , Shiliang Zhang , Longhui Wei , Qi Tian

Token pruning has emerged as a mainstream approach for developing efficient Video Large Language Models (Video LLMs). This work revisits and advances the two predominant token-pruning paradigms: attention-based selection and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Shukang Yin , Sirui Zhao , Hanchao Wang , Baozhi Jia , Xianquan Wang , Chaoyou Fu , Enhong Chen

To efficiently train large-scale models, low-bit gradient communication compresses full-precision gradients on local GPU nodes into low-precision ones for higher gradient synchronization efficiency among GPU nodes. However, it often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Xingyu Xie , Zhijie Lin , Kim-Chuan Toh , Pan Zhou

Large language models (LLMs) based on transformer are witnessing a notable trend of size expansion, which brings considerable costs to both model training and inference. However, existing methods such as model quantization, knowledge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Yifei Yang , Zouying Cao , Hai Zhao

Despite the remarkable success of Large Language Models (LLMs), the massive size poses significant deployment challenges, particularly on resource-constrained hardware. While existing LLM compression methods focus on quantization, pruning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Song Guo , Jiahang Xu , Li Lyna Zhang , Mao Yang

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) for reasoning tasks using reinforcement learning methods like Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) is computationally expensive. To address this, we propose a predictive framework that models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Datta Nimmaturi , Vaishnavi Bhargava , Rajat Ghosh , Johnu George , Debojyoti Dutta

Long-context capabilities are essential for a wide range of applications, including document and video understanding, in-context learning, and inference-time scaling, all of which require models to process and reason over long sequences of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Chejian Xu , Wei Ping , Peng Xu , Zihan Liu , Boxin Wang , Mohammad Shoeybi , Bo Li , Bryan Catanzaro

Self-supervised learning (SSL) models usually require weeks of pre-training with dozens of high-end GPUs. These models typically have a multi-headed self-attention (MHSA) context encoder. However, MHSA takes quadratic time and space in the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Shucong Zhang , Titouan Parcollet , Rogier van Dalen , Sourav Bhattacharya

Large language models (LLMs) experience significant performance degradation when the input exceeds the pretraining context window, primarily due to the out-of-distribution (OOD) behavior of Rotary Position Embedding (RoPE). Recent studies…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Sikui Zhang , Guangze Gao , Ziyun Gan , Chunfeng Yuan , Zefeng Lin , Houwen Peng , Bing Li , Weiming Hu

This study introduces bifurcated attention, a method designed to enhance language model inference in shared-context batch decoding scenarios. Our approach addresses the challenge of redundant memory IO costs, a critical factor contributing…

Large language models (LLMs) excel in general tasks but struggle with domain-specific ones, requiring fine-tuning with specific data. With many open-source LLMs available, selecting the best model for fine-tuning downstream tasks is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Wei Huang , Huang Wei , Yinggui Wang

This paper focuses on extending the success of large language models (LLMs) to sequential decision making. Existing efforts either (i) re-train or finetune LLMs for decision making, or (ii) design prompts for pretrained LLMs. The former…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Dingyang Chen , Qi Zhang , Yinglun Zhu

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant potential in code generation tasks. However, there remains a performance gap between open-source and closed-source models. To address this gap, existing approaches typically…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Weijie Lv , Xuan Xia , Sheng-Jun Huang

Low-rank gradient-based optimization methods have significantly improved memory efficiency during the training of large language models (LLMs), enabling operations within constrained hardware without sacrificing performance. However, these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Yehonathan Refael , Guy Smorodinsky , Tom Tirer , Ofir Lindenbaum

Modeling long sequences is crucial for various large-scale models; however, extending existing architectures to handle longer sequences presents significant technical and resource challenges. In this paper, we propose an efficient and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Ning Wang , Zekun Li , Tongxin Bai , Guoqi Li

Long-context LLMs have enabled numerous downstream applications but also introduced significant challenges related to computational and memory efficiency. To address these challenges, optimizations for long-context inference have been…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Yucheng Li , Huiqiang Jiang , Qianhui Wu , Xufang Luo , Surin Ahn , Chengruidong Zhang , Amir H. Abdi , Dongsheng Li , Jianfeng Gao , Yuqing Yang , Lili Qiu