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Large Language Models are increasingly capable of interpreting multimodal inputs to generate complex 3D shapes, yet robust methods to evaluate geometric and structural fidelity remain underdeveloped. This paper introduces a human in the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Ahmed R. Sadik , Mariusz Bujny

Humans follow criteria when they execute tasks, and these criteria are directly used to assess the quality of task completion. Therefore, having models learn to use criteria to provide feedback can help humans or models to perform tasks…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Weizhe Yuan , Pengfei Liu , Matthias Gallé

Experimental evaluations of software engineering innovations, e.g., tools and processes, often include human-subject studies as a component of a multi-pronged strategy to obtain greater generalizability of the findings. However,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Toufique Ahmed , Premkumar Devanbu , Christoph Treude , Michael Pradel

We introduce SimulBench, a benchmark designed to evaluate large language models (LLMs) across a diverse collection of creative simulation scenarios, such as acting as a Linux terminal or playing text games with users. While these simulation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-13 Qi Jia , Xiang Yue , Tianyu Zheng , Jie Huang , Bill Yuchen Lin

With the rapid advancement of large language models, evaluating human-likeness in open-ended conversation has become increasingly important. However, human-likeness is a form of tacit knowledge that humans perceive intuitively, yet the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Yihang Lin , Yunze Gao , Zeyang Lin , Dongbo Li , Kun Peng , Chenglong Song , Yue Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in understanding and generating codes. Due to these capabilities, many recent methods are proposed to automatically refine the codes with LLMs. However, we should…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Minju Seo , Jinheon Baek , Sung Ju Hwang

Requirements elicitation, a critical, yet time-consuming and challenging step in product development, often fails to capture the full spectrum of user needs. This may lead to products that fall short of expectations. This paper introduces a…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-04-26 Mohammadmehdi Ataei , Hyunmin Cheong , Daniele Grandi , Ye Wang , Nigel Morris , Alexander Tessier

[Context and Motivation] Online user feedback provides valuable information to support requirements engineering (RE). However, analyzing online user feedback is challenging due to its large volume and noise. Large language models (LLMs)…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Manjeshwar Aniruddh Mallya , Alessio Ferrari , Mohammad Amin Zadenoori , Jacek Dąbrowski

In todays rapidly evolving technological landscape, the success of tools and systems relies heavily on their ability to meet the needs and expectations of users. User-centered design approaches, with a focus on human factors, have gained…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-11-02 Amna Pir Muhammad , Eric Knauss , Jonas Bärgman , Alessia Knauss

Ensemble learning has been widely used in machine learning to improve model robustness, accuracy, and generalization, but has not yet been applied to code generation tasks with large language models (LLMs). We propose an ensemble approach…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Tarek Mahmud , Bin Duan , Corina Pasareanu , Guowei Yang

Aligning model representations to humans has been found to improve robustness and generalization. However, such methods often focus on standard observational data. Synthetic data is proliferating and powering many advances in machine…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Katherine M. Collins , Umang Bhatt , Weiyang Liu , Vihari Piratla , Ilia Sucholutsky , Bradley Love , Adrian Weller

Evaluating the performance of Code Language Models (CLMs) for software engineering tasks, especially in multilingual and low-resource programming language settings, poses significant challenges. These challenges are primarily due to the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Rohit Dandamudi , Gema Rodríguez-Pérez

Creative coding requires continuous translation between evolving concepts and computational artifacts, making reflection essential yet difficult to sustain. Creators often struggle to manage ambiguous intentions, emergent outputs, and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Anqi Wang , Zhengyi Li , Lan Luo , Xin Tong , Pan Hui

Large Language Models excel at code generation yet struggle with complex programming tasks that demand sophisticated reasoning. To bridge this gap, traditional process supervision relies on learned reward models requiring costly training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Zhuohao Yu , Weizheng Gu , Yidong Wang , Xingru Jiang , Zhengran Zeng , Jindong Wang , Wei Ye , Shikun Zhang

Program synthesis has been long studied with recent approaches focused on directly using the power of Large Language Models (LLMs) to generate code. Programming benchmarks, with curated synthesis problems and test-cases, are used to measure…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-11-01 Jiawei Liu , Chunqiu Steven Xia , Yuyao Wang , Lingming Zhang

Traditional image annotation tasks rely heavily on human effort for object selection and label assignment, making the process time-consuming and prone to decreased efficiency as annotators experience fatigue after extensive work. This paper…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-17 He Zhang , Xinyi Fu , John M. Carroll

Human-AI collaboration faces growing challenges as AI systems increasingly outperform humans on complex tasks, while humans remain responsible for orchestration, validation, and decision oversight. To address this imbalance, we introduce…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Yuanrong Tang , Huiling Peng , Bingxi Zhao , Hengyang Ding , Hanchao Song , Tianhong Wang , Chen Zhong , Jiangtao Gong

Real-world multi-modal problems are rarely solved by a single machine learning model, and often require multi-step computational plans that involve stitching several models. Tool-augmented LLMs hold tremendous promise for automating the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Zixian Ma , Weikai Huang , Jieyu Zhang , Tanmay Gupta , Ranjay Krishna

Prewriting is the process of discovering and developing ideas before a first draft, which requires divergent thinking and often implies unstructured strategies such as diagramming, outlining, free-writing, etc. Although large language…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-03-01 Qian Wan , Siying Hu , Yu Zhang , Piaohong Wang , Bo Wen , Zhicong Lu

Alignment with human preferences is an important evaluation aspect of LLMs, requiring them to be helpful, honest, safe, and to precisely follow human instructions. Evaluating large language models' (LLMs) alignment typically involves…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Yixin Liu , Pengfei Liu , Arman Cohan