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Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models are emerging as a promising paradigm for end-to-end autonomous driving, valued for their potential to leverage world knowledge and reason about complex driving scenes. However, existing methods suffer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Xinyang Wang , Qian Liu , Wenjie Ding , Zhao Yang , Wei Li , Chang Liu , Bailin Li , Kun Zhan , Xianpeng Lang , Wei Chen

Vision-language-action models (VLAs) have become an increasingly popular approach for addressing robot manipulation problems in recent years. However, such models need to output actions at a rate suitable for robot control, which limits the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Eric Hannus , Miika Malin , Tran Nguyen Le , Ville Kyrki

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models, trained via flow-matching or diffusion objectives, excel at learning complex behaviors from large-scale, multi-modal datasets (e.g., human teleoperation, scripted policies). However, since VLAs…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Siyuan Yang , Yang Zhang , Haoran He , Ling Pan , Xiu Li , Chenjia Bai , Xuelong Li

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) has made significant achievements in many real-world applications. But these real-world applications typically can only provide partial observations for making decisions due to occlusions and noisy sensors.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-13 Yinbo Yu , Jiajia Liu , Shouqing Li , Kepu Huang , Xudong Feng

The rapid evolution of Embodied AI has enabled Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models to excel in multimodal perception and task execution. However, applying Reinforcement Learning (RL) to these massive models in large-scale distributed…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Yucheng Guo , Yongjian Guo , Zhong Guan , Wen Huang , Haoran Sun , Haodong Yue , Xiaolong Xiang , Shuai Di , Zhen Sun , Luqiao Wang , Junwu Xiong , Yicheng Gong

Recent progress in Reinforcement Learning (RL) provides a principled approach to optimizing Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models, facilitating a shift from trajectory imitation to active learning in the task environment. Despite improvements…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Sixu Lin , Yunpeng Qing , Litao Liu , Ming Zhou , Ruixing Jin , Xiaoyi Fan , Guiliang Liu

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models typically bridge the gap between perceptual and action spaces by pre-training a large-scale Vision-Language Model (VLM) on robotic data. While this approach greatly enhances performance, it also incurs…

Deep learning-based lane detection (LD) plays a critical role in autonomous driving systems, such as adaptive cruise control. However, it is vulnerable to backdoor attacks. Existing backdoor attack methods on LD exhibit limited…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Xinwei Zhang , Aishan Liu , Tianyuan Zhang , Siyuan Liang , Xianglong Liu

Recent studies on Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have shifted from the end-to-end action-generation paradigm toward a pipeline involving task planning followed by action generation, demonstrating improved performance on various…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Chongkai Gao , Zixuan Liu , Zhenghao Chi , Junshan Huang , Xin Fei , Yiwen Hou , Yuxuan Zhang , Yudi Lin , Zhirui Fang , Zeyu Jiang , Lin Shao

Building generalist embodied agents requires integrating perception, language understanding, and action, which are core capabilities addressed by Vision-Language-Action (VLA) approaches based on multimodal foundation models, including…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-08 StarVLA Community

Vision-language-action models (VLAs) have been extensively used in robotics applications, achieving great success in various manipulation problems. More recently, VLAs have been used in long-horizon tasks and evaluated on benchmarks, such…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Amir Rasouli , Yangzheng Wu , Zhiyuan Li , Rui Heng Yang , Xuan Zhao , Charles Eret , Sajjad Pakdamansavoji

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) has achieved remarkable success in a wide range of sequential decision-making applications, including robotics, healthcare, smart grids, and finance. Recent studies reveal that adversaries can implant…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Mingxuan Zhang , Oubo Ma , Kang Wei , Songze Li , Shouling Ji

Vision-language-action (VLA) models are emerging as embodied foundation models for robotic manipulation, but their deployment introduces a new unlearning challenge: removing unsafe, spurious, or privacy-sensitive behaviors without degrading…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Ravi Ranjan , Agoritsa Polyzou

Humans possess a unified cognitive ability to perceive, comprehend, and interact with the physical world. Why can't large language models replicate this holistic understanding? Through a systematic analysis of existing training paradigms in…

Open-vocabulary object detectors (OVODs) unify vision and language to detect arbitrary object categories based on text prompts, enabling strong zero-shot generalization to novel concepts. As these models gain traction in high-stakes…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Ankita Raj , Chetan Arora

Due to the high cost of training, large model (LM) practitioners commonly use pretrained models downloaded from untrusted sources, which could lead to owning compromised models. In-context learning is the ability of LMs to perform multiple…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-09 Gorka Abad , Stjepan Picek , Lorenzo Cavallaro , Aitor Urbieta

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models are emerging as a next-generation paradigm for robotics. We introduce dVLA, a diffusion-based VLA that leverages a multimodal chain-of-thought to unify visual perception, language reasoning, and robotic…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Junjie Wen , Minjie Zhu , Jiaming Liu , Zhiyuan Liu , Yicun Yang , Linfeng Zhang , Shanghang Zhang , Yichen Zhu , Yi Xu

Robotic real-world reinforcement learning (RL) with vision-language-action (VLA) models is bottlenecked by sparse, handcrafted rewards and inefficient exploration. We introduce VLAC, a general process reward model built upon InternVL and…

Image anomaly detection (IAD) is essential in applications such as industrial inspection, medical imaging, and security. Despite the progress achieved with deep learning models like Deep Semi-Supervised Anomaly Detection (DeepSAD), these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-19 He Cheng , Depeng Xu , Shuhan Yuan

Vision-Language (VL) pre-trained models have shown their superiority on many multimodal tasks. However, the adversarial robustness of such models has not been fully explored. Existing approaches mainly focus on exploring the adversarial…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Ziyi Yin , Muchao Ye , Tianrong Zhang , Tianyu Du , Jinguo Zhu , Han Liu , Jinghui Chen , Ting Wang , Fenglong Ma