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We introduce the Korean Canonical Legal Benchmark (KCL), a benchmark designed to assess language models' legal reasoning capabilities independently of domain-specific knowledge. KCL provides question-level supporting precedents, enabling a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Hongseok Oh , Wonseok Hwang , Kyoung-Woon On

Recent frontier models employ long chain-of-thought reasoning to explore solution spaces in context and achieve stonger performance. While many works study distillation to build smaller yet capable models, most focus on English and little…

We present Ko-MuSR, the first benchmark to comprehensively evaluate multistep, soft reasoning in long Korean narratives while minimizing data contamination. Built following MuSR, Ko-MuSR features fully Korean narratives, reasoning chains,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Chanwoo Park , Suyoung Park , JiA Kang , Jongyeon Park , Sangho Kim , Hyunji M. Park , Sumin Bae , Mingyu Kang , Jaejin Lee

Large language models (LLMs) often show poor performance in low-resource languages like Korean, partly due to unique linguistic challenges such as homophonous Sino-Korean words that are indistinguishable in Hangul script. To address this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Seungho Choi

This paper introduces the Open Ko-LLM Leaderboard and the Ko-H5 Benchmark as vital tools for evaluating Large Language Models (LLMs) in Korean. Incorporating private test sets while mirroring the English Open LLM Leaderboard, we establish a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Chanjun Park , Hyeonwoo Kim , Dahyun Kim , Seonghwan Cho , Sanghoon Kim , Sukyung Lee , Yungi Kim , Hwalsuk Lee

Despite the remarkable advancements and widespread applications of deep neural networks, their ability to perform reasoning tasks remains limited, particularly in domains requiring structured, abstract thought. In this paper, we investigate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Satyam Goyal , Soham Dan

A Lite BERT (ALBERT) has been introduced to scale up deep bidirectional representation learning for natural languages. Due to the lack of pretrained ALBERT models for Korean language, the best available practice is the multilingual model or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-28 Hyunjae Lee , Jaewoong Yoon , Bonggyu Hwang , Seongho Joe , Seungjai Min , Youngjune Gwon

For Large Language Models (LLMs) to be effectively deployed in a specific country, they must possess an understanding of the nation's culture and basic knowledge. To this end, we introduce National Alignment, which measures an alignment…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Jiyoung Lee , Minwoo Kim , Seungho Kim , Junghwan Kim , Seunghyun Won , Hwaran Lee , Edward Choi

Large language models have exhibited significant enhancements in performance across various tasks. However, the complexity of their evaluation increases as these models generate more fluent and coherent content. Current multilingual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Xiaonan Wang , Jinyoung Yeo , Joon-Ho Lim , Hansaem Kim

The recent emergence of Large Vision-Language Models(VLMs) has resulted in a variety of different benchmarks for evaluating such models. Despite this, we observe that most existing evaluation methods suffer from the fact that they either…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Yoonshik Kim , Jaeyoon Jung

Large language models (LLMs) demonstrate exceptional performance on complex reasoning tasks. However, despite their strong reasoning capabilities in high-resource languages (e.g., English and Chinese), a significant performance gap persists…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-03 Hyunwoo Ko , Guijin Son , Dasol Choi

The rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs) has enabled natural language processing capabilities similar to those of humans, and LLMs are being widely utilized across various societal domains such as education and healthcare.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-19 J. K. Lee , T. M. Chung

With the accelerating development of Large Language Models (LLMs), many LLMs are beginning to be used in the Chinese K-12 education domain. The integration of LLMs and education is getting closer and closer, however, there is currently no…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Jinchang Hou , Chang Ao , Haihong Wu , Xiangtao Kong , Zhigang Zheng , Daijia Tang , Chengming Li , Xiping Hu , Ruifeng Xu , Shiwen Ni , Min Yang

Recent advancements in Korean large language models (LLMs) have driven numerous benchmarks and evaluation methods, yet inconsistent protocols cause up to 10 p.p performance gaps across institutions. Overcoming these reproducibility gaps…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Hanwool Lee , Dasol Choi , Sooyong Kim , Ilgyun Jeong , Sangwon Baek , Guijin Son , Inseon Hwang , Naeun Lee , Seunghyeok Hong

As large language models (LLMs) become key advisors in various domains, their cultural sensitivity and reasoning skills are crucial in multicultural environments. We introduce Nunchi-Bench, a benchmark designed to evaluate LLMs' cultural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Kyuhee Kim , Sangah Lee

This paper presents the Korean National Educational Test Benchmark (KoNET), a new benchmark designed to evaluate Multimodal Generative AI Systems using Korean national educational tests. KoNET comprises four exams: the Korean Elementary…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Sanghee Park , Geewook Kim

This paper presents a keystroke-based framework for detecting LLM-assisted cheating in Korean, addressing key gaps in prior research regarding language coverage, cognitive context, and the granularity of LLM involvement. Our proposed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Dong Hyun Roh , Rajesh Kumar , An Ngo

Large language models (LLMs) use pretraining to predict the subsequent word; however, their expansion requires significant computing resources. Numerous big tech companies and research institutes have developed multilingual LLMs (MLLMs) to…

In this paper, we present the LingOly benchmark, a novel benchmark for advanced reasoning abilities in large language models. Using challenging Linguistic Olympiad puzzles, we evaluate (i) capabilities for in-context identification and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Andrew M. Bean , Simi Hellsten , Harry Mayne , Jabez Magomere , Ethan A. Chi , Ryan Chi , Scott A. Hale , Hannah Rose Kirk

This work presents the first large-scale investigation into constructing a fully open bilingual large language model (LLM) for a non-English language, specifically Korean, trained predominantly on synthetic data. We introduce KORMo-10B, a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Minjun Kim , Hyeonseok Lim , Hangyeol Yoo , Inho Won , Seungwoo Song , Minkyung Cho , Junhun Yuk , Changsu Choi , Dongjae Shin , Huige Lee , Hoyun Song , Alice Oh , Kyungtae Lim