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Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have shown remarkable progress in visual understanding in recent years. Yet, they still lag behind human capabilities in specific visual tasks such as counting or relational reasoning. To understand the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Zihan Weng , Lucas Gomez , Taylor Whittington Webb , Pouya Bashivan

The rapid advancement of Large Vision Language Models (LVLMs) has demonstrated excellent abilities in various visual tasks. Building upon these developments, the thinking with images paradigm has emerged, enabling models to dynamically edit…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Yujin Zhou , Pengcheng Wen , Jiale Chen , Boqin Yin , Han Zhu , Jiaming Ji , Juntao Dai , Chi-Min Chan , Sirui Han

Recent advancements in multimodal reward models (RMs) have substantially improved post-training for visual generative models. However, current RMs face inherent limitations: (1) visual inputs consume large context budgets, forcing fewer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Qunzhong Wang , Jie Liu , Jiajun Liang , Yilei Jiang , Yuanxing Zhang , Yaozhi Zheng , Xintao Wang , Pengfei Wan , Xiangyu Yue , Jiaheng Liu

General reasoning represents a long-standing and formidable challenge in artificial intelligence. Recent breakthroughs, exemplified by large language models (LLMs) and chain-of-thought prompting, have achieved considerable success on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-06 DeepSeek-AI , Daya Guo , Dejian Yang , Haowei Zhang , Junxiao Song , Peiyi Wang , Qihao Zhu , Runxin Xu , Ruoyu Zhang , Shirong Ma , Xiao Bi , Xiaokang Zhang , Xingkai Yu , Yu Wu , Z. F. Wu , Zhibin Gou , Zhihong Shao , Zhuoshu Li , Ziyi Gao , Aixin Liu , Bing Xue , Bingxuan Wang , Bochao Wu , Bei Feng , Chengda Lu , Chenggang Zhao , Chengqi Deng , Chenyu Zhang , Chong Ruan , Damai Dai , Deli Chen , Dongjie Ji , Erhang Li , Fangyun Lin , Fucong Dai , Fuli Luo , Guangbo Hao , Guanting Chen , Guowei Li , H. Zhang , Han Bao , Hanwei Xu , Haocheng Wang , Honghui Ding , Huajian Xin , Huazuo Gao , Hui Qu , Hui Li , Jianzhong Guo , Jiashi Li , Jiawei Wang , Jingchang Chen , Jingyang Yuan , Junjie Qiu , Junlong Li , J. L. Cai , Jiaqi Ni , Jian Liang , Jin Chen , Kai Dong , Kai Hu , Kaige Gao , Kang Guan , Kexin Huang , Kuai Yu , Lean Wang , Lecong Zhang , Liang Zhao , Litong Wang , Liyue Zhang , Lei Xu , Leyi Xia , Mingchuan Zhang , Minghua Zhang , Minghui Tang , Meng Li , Miaojun Wang , Mingming Li , Ning Tian , Panpan Huang , Peng Zhang , Qiancheng Wang , Qinyu Chen , Qiushi Du , Ruiqi Ge , Ruisong Zhang , Ruizhe Pan , Runji Wang , R. J. Chen , R. L. Jin , Ruyi Chen , Shanghao Lu , Shangyan Zhou , Shanhuang Chen , Shengfeng Ye , Shiyu Wang , Shuiping Yu , Shunfeng Zhou , Shuting Pan , S. S. Li , Shuang Zhou , Shaoqing Wu , Shengfeng Ye , Tao Yun , Tian Pei , Tianyu Sun , T. Wang , Wangding Zeng , Wanjia Zhao , Wen Liu , Wenfeng Liang , Wenjun Gao , Wenqin Yu , Wentao Zhang , W. L. Xiao , Wei An , Xiaodong Liu , Xiaohan Wang , Xiaokang Chen , Xiaotao Nie , Xin Cheng , Xin Liu , Xin Xie , Xingchao Liu , Xinyu Yang , Xinyuan Li , Xuecheng Su , Xuheng Lin , X. Q. Li , Xiangyue Jin , Xiaojin Shen , Xiaosha Chen , Xiaowen Sun , Xiaoxiang Wang , Xinnan Song , Xinyi Zhou , Xianzu Wang , Xinxia Shan , Y. K. Li , Y. Q. Wang , Y. X. Wei , Yang Zhang , Yanhong Xu , Yao Li , Yao Zhao , Yaofeng Sun , Yaohui Wang , Yi Yu , Yichao Zhang , Yifan Shi , Yiliang Xiong , Ying He , Yishi Piao , Yisong Wang , Yixuan Tan , Yiyang Ma , Yiyuan Liu , Yongqiang Guo , Yuan Ou , Yuduan Wang , Yue Gong , Yuheng Zou , Yujia He , Yunfan Xiong , Yuxiang Luo , Yuxiang You , Yuxuan Liu , Yuyang Zhou , Y. X. Zhu , Yanhong Xu , Yanping Huang , Yaohui Li , Yi Zheng , Yuchen Zhu , Yunxian Ma , Ying Tang , Yukun Zha , Yuting Yan , Z. Z. Ren , Zehui Ren , Zhangli Sha , Zhe Fu , Zhean Xu , Zhenda Xie , Zhengyan Zhang , Zhewen Hao , Zhicheng Ma , Zhigang Yan , Zhiyu Wu , Zihui Gu , Zijia Zhu , Zijun Liu , Zilin Li , Ziwei Xie , Ziyang Song , Zizheng Pan , Zhen Huang , Zhipeng Xu , Zhongyu Zhang , Zhen Zhang

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) and their multimodal extensions (MLLMs) have substantially enhanced machine reasoning across diverse tasks. However, these models predominantly rely on pure text as the medium for both…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Yi Xu , Chengzu Li , Han Zhou , Xingchen Wan , Caiqi Zhang , Anna Korhonen , Ivan Vulić

Recently, reasoning-based MLLMs have achieved a degree of success in generating long-form textual reasoning chains. However, they still struggle with complex tasks that necessitate dynamic and iterative focusing on and revisiting of visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Chaoya Jiang , Yongrui Heng , Wei Ye , Han Yang , Haiyang Xu , Ming Yan , Ji Zhang , Fei Huang , Shikun Zhang

Building on the success of text-based reasoning models like DeepSeek-R1, extending these capabilities to multimodal reasoning holds great promise. While recent works have attempted to adapt DeepSeek-R1-style reinforcement learning (RL)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Jie Yang , Feipeng Ma , Zitian Wang , Dacheng Yin , Kang Rong , Fengyun Rao , Ruimao Zhang

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have achieved notable gains in various tasks by incorporating Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning in language spaces. Recent work extends this direction by leveraging external tools for visual editing,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Bangzheng Li , Ximeng Sun , Jiang Liu , Ze Wang , Jialian Wu , Xiaodong Yu , Hao Chen , Emad Barsoum , Muhao Chen , Zicheng Liu

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) exhibit impressive performance across various visual tasks. Subsequent investigations into enhancing their visual reasoning abilities have significantly expanded their performance envelope. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Yang Chen , Yufan Shen , Wenxuan Huang , Sheng Zhou , Qunshu Lin , Xinyu Cai , Zhi Yu , Jiajun Bu , Botian Shi , Yu Qiao

The rapid advancements in large Language models (LLMs) have significantly enhanced their reasoning capabilities, driven by various strategies such as multi-agent collaboration. However, unlike the well-established performance improvements…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Zihan Chen , Song Wang , Zhen Tan , Xingbo Fu , Zhenyu Lei , Peng Wang , Huan Liu , Cong Shen , Jundong Li

While Large Language Models (LLMs) excel at reasoning on text and Vision-Language Models (VLMs) are highly effective for visual perception, applying those models for visual instruction-based planning remains a widely open problem. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Mohamed Salim Aissi , Clemence Grislain , Mohamed Chetouani , Olivier Sigaud , Laure Soulier , Nicolas Thome

As Vision-Language Models (VLMs) grow in sophistication, their ability to perform reasoning is coming under increasing supervision. While they excel at many tasks, their grasp of fundamental scientific principles, such as physics, remains…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Pranav Pawar , Kavish Shah , Akshat Bhalani , Komal Kasat , Dev Mittal , Hadi Gala , Deepali Patil , Nikita Raichada , Monali Deshmukh

Large language models (LLMs) and vision-language models (VLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across a wide range of tasks and domains. Despite this promise, spatial understanding and reasoning -- a fundamental component of human…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Jiayu Wang , Yifei Ming , Zhenmei Shi , Vibhav Vineet , Xin Wang , Yixuan Li , Neel Joshi

Despite the rapid progress of multimodal large language models (MLLMs), they have largely overlooked the importance of visual processing. In a simple yet revealing experiment, we interestingly find that language-only models, when provided…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Yuting Li , Lai Wei , Kaipeng Zheng , Jingyuan Huang , Guilin Li , Bo Wang , Linghe Kong , Lichao Sun , Weiran Huang

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) excel at many multimodal tasks, yet their cognitive processes remain opaque on complex lateral thinking challenges like rebus puzzles. While recent work has demonstrated these models struggle significantly with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Prahitha Movva

Current large vision-language models (LVLMs) typically employ a connector module to link visual features with text embeddings of large language models (LLMs) and use end-to-end training to achieve multi-modal understanding in a unified…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Zixian Guo , Ming Liu , Qilong Wang , Zhilong Ji , Jinfeng Bai , Lei Zhang , Wangmeng Zuo

Recent advances in Large Multi-modal Models (LMMs) have demonstrated their remarkable success as general-purpose multi-modal assistants, with particular focuses on holistic image- and video-language understanding. Conversely, less attention…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Ye Liu , Zongyang Ma , Junfu Pu , Zhongang Qi , Yang Wu , Ying Shan , Chang Wen Chen

Top-view perspective denotes a typical way in which humans read and reason over different types of maps, and it is vital for localization and navigation of humans as well as of `non-human' agents, such as the ones backed by large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Chengzu Li , Caiqi Zhang , Han Zhou , Nigel Collier , Anna Korhonen , Ivan Vulić

The remarkable reasoning capability of large language models (LLMs) stems from cognitive behaviors that emerge through reinforcement with verifiable rewards. This work investigates how to transfer this principle to Multimodal LLMs (MLLMs)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Yana Wei , Liang Zhao , Jianjian Sun , Kangheng Lin , Jisheng Yin , Jingcheng Hu , Yinmin Zhang , En Yu , Haoran Lv , Zejia Weng , Jia Wang , Chunrui Han , Yuang Peng , Qi Han , Zheng Ge , Xiangyu Zhang , Daxin Jiang , Vishal M. Patel

Effectively retrieving, reasoning and understanding visually rich information remains a challenge for RAG methods. Traditional text-based methods cannot handle visual-related information. On the other hand, current vision-based RAG…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Qiuchen Wang , Ruixue Ding , Yu Zeng , Zehui Chen , Lin Chen , Shihang Wang , Pengjun Xie , Fei Huang , Feng Zhao