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The cosmological evolution of X-ray-selected and optically selected Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs) show different behaviours interpreted in terms of two different populations. The difference is evident mainly for low luminosity AGNs…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 D. Trevese , V. Zitelli , F. Vagnetti , K. Boutsia , G. M. Stirpe

Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) are energetic astrophysical sources powered by accretion onto supermassive black holes in galaxies, and present unique observational signatures that cover the full electromagnetic spectrum over more than twenty…

We use the Random Forest (RF) algorithm to develop a tool for automated activity classification of galaxies into 5 different classes: Star-forming (SF), AGN, LINER, Composite, and Passive. We train the algorithm on a combination of mid-IR…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-03-22 Elias Kyritsis , Charalampos Daoutis , Andreas Zezas , Konstantinos Kouroumpatzakis

We assemble a sample of 733 dwarf galaxies ($M_{\ast} \le 10^{9.5} \text{M}_\odot$) with signatures of active galactic nuclei (AGN) and explore the intersection between different AGN selection techniques. Objects in our database are…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-05-31 Erik J. Wasleske , Vivienne F. Baldassare

We present the results of a 2-epoch variability survey in the Hubble Deep Field with the goal of investigating the population of AGN to z=1. The primary data sets analyzed for galactic variability are the original HDF observations obtained…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Vicki L. Sarajedini , Ronald L. Gilliland , Christina Kasm

Motivated by upcoming photometric and spectroscopic surveys (Vera C. Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST), Manuakea Spectroscopic Explorer), we design the statistical proxies to measure the cadence effects on active…

A key feature of active galactic nuclei (AGN) is their variability across all wavelengths. Typically, AGN vary by a few tenths of a magnitude or more over periods lasting from hours to years. By contrast, extreme variability of AGN -- large…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-03-12 Summer A. J. McLaughlin , James R. Mullaney , Stuart P. Littlefair

A large fraction of active galactic nuclei (AGN) are "invisible" in extant optical surveys due to either distance or dust-obscuration. The existence of this large population of dust-obscured, infrared-bright AGN is predicted by models of…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-04-12 Alexandra Truebenbach , Jeremy Darling

We perform long-term ($\approx 15$ yr, observed-frame) X-ray variability analyses of the 68 brightest radio-quiet active galactic nuclei (AGNs) in the 6 Ms $Chandra$ Deep Field-South (CDF-S) survey; the majority are in the redshift range of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-11-09 G. Yang , W. Brandt , B. Luo , Y. Xue , F. Bauer , M. Sun , S. Kim , S. Schulze , X. Zheng , M. Paolillo , O. Shemmer , T. Liu , D. Schneider , C. Vignali , F. Vito , J. -X. Wang

The X-ray variability of the Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) has been most often investigated with studies of individual, nearby, sources, and only a few ensemble analyses have been applied to large samples in wide ranges of luminosity and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2011-12-21 F. Vagnetti , S. Turriziani , D. Trevese

Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs) are characterized by emission of radiation over more than 10 orders of magnitude in frequency. Therefore, the execution of extensive surveys of the sky, with different types of detectors, is providing the…

We study the black hole mass $-$ host galaxy stellar mass relation, $M_{\rm{BH}}-M_{\ast}$, for a sample of 706 $z \lesssim 1.5$ and $i \lesssim 24$ optically-variable active galactic nuclei (AGNs) in three Dark Energy Survey (DES) deep…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-03-11 Yichen Liu , Colin J. Burke , Diego Miura , Xin Liu , Qian Yang , Priyamvada Natarajan , Charlotte A. Ward

We present the results of our search for highly variable active galactic nuclei (AGNs) the X-ray flux from which changed by more than an order of magnitude during the SRG/eROSITA all-sky survey. Using the eROSITA data obtained in the period…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-09-21 Pavel Medvedev , Marat Gilfanov , Sergey Sazonov , Rashid Sunyaev , Georgii Khorunzhev

The unified model of active galactic nuclei (AGN) includes a toroidal obscuring structure to explain the differences between Type I and Type II AGN as an effect of inclination angle. This toroidal structure is thought to be 'clumpy' as the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-01-19 Isaiah Cox , Nuria Torres-Alba , Stefano Marchesi , Xiurui Zhao , Marco Ajello , Andrealuna Pizzetti , Ross Silver

The origin of the optical flux variability in active galactic nuclei (AGN) is largely unknown. Previous studies have correlated features of the variability structure function (SF) with AGN properties, though they mostly involved…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-05-06 Ashley Hai Tung Tan , Christian Wolf , Neelesh Amrutha , Christopher A. Onken , John L. Tonry , Rachel Webster

The abundance of active galactic nuclei (AGN) in cosmic voids is relatively unexplored in the literature, but can potentially provide new constraints on the environmental dependence of AGN activity and the AGN-host co-evolution. We…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-12-01 H. D. Mishra , X. Dai , E. Guerras

Variability detected in galaxies is usually attributed to their active galactic nuclei (AGNs). While all AGNs are intrinsically variable, the AGN unification model predicts that type~2 AGNs rarely vary because their engines are blocked by…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-02-17 Bangzheng Sun , Haojing Yan , Wei Leong Tee , Feige Wang

Abstract abridged. The eROSITA X-ray telescope aboard the SRG orbital observatory, in the course of its all-sky survey, is expected to detect about three million active galactic nuclei (AGN) and hundred thousand clusters and groups of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-01-11 S. D. Bykov , M. R. Gilfanov , R. A. Sunyaev

We aim to study the effect of environment on the presence and fuelling of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) in massive galaxy clusters. We explore the use of different AGN detection techniques with the goal of selecting AGN across a broad range…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-05 Alison J. Klesman , Vicki L. Sarajedini

We have compiled a large sample of low-redshift active galactic nuclei (AGN) identified via their emission line characteristics from the spectroscopic data of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. Since emission lines are often contaminated by…