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I will show that there is a deep relation between error-correction codes and certain mathematical models of spin glasses. In particular minimum error probability decoding is equivalent to finding the ground state of the corresponding spin…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2016-08-31 Nicolas Sourlas

The successive cancellation list decoder (SCL) is an efficient decoder for classical polar codes with low decoding error, approximating the maximum likelihood decoder (MLD) for small list sizes. Here we adapt the SCL to the task of decoding…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-14 Anqi Gong , Joseph M. Renes

Quantum error correction (QEC) is essential for fault-tolerant quantum computation. Often in QEC errors are assumed to be independent and identically distributed and can be discretised to a random Pauli error during the execution of a…

We give a broad generalisation of the mapping, originally due to Dennis, Kitaev, Landahl and Preskill, from quantum error correcting codes to statistical mechanical models. We show how the mapping can be extended to arbitrary stabiliser or…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-03 Christopher T. Chubb , Steven T. Flammia

Quantum error correction is instrumental in protecting quantum systems from noise in quantum computing and communication settings. Pauli channels can be efficiently simulated and threshold values for Pauli error rates under a variety of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-04-25 Christopher Chamberland , Joel J. Wallman , Stefanie Beale , Raymond Laflamme

Maximum Likelihood (ML) decoding is the optimal decoding algorithm for arbitrary linear block codes and can be written as an Integer Programming (IP) problem. Feldman et al. relaxed this IP problem and presented Linear Programming (LP)…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2008-12-16 Akin Tanatmis , Stefan Ruzika , Horst W. Hamacher , Mayur Punekar , Frank Kienle , Norbert Wehn

Color codes are promising quantum error correction (QEC) codes because they have an advantage over surface codes in that all Clifford gates can be implemented transversally. However, thresholds of color codes under circuit-level noise are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-18 Yugo Takada , Keisuke Fujii

This paper proposes a method to optimize communication code rates via the application of neural polar decoders (NPDs). Employing this approach enables simultaneous optimization of code rates over input distributions while providing a…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Ziv Aharoni , Bashar Huleihel , Henry D Pfister , Haim H Permuter

Efficient and accurate decoding of quantum error-correcting codes is essential for fault-tolerant quantum computation, however, it is challenging due to the degeneracy of errors, the complex code topology, and the large space for logical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-28 Hanyan Cao , Feng Pan , Dongyang Feng , Yijia Wang , Pan Zhang

For a number of quantum channels of interest, phase-flip errors occur far more frequently than bit-flip errors. When transmitting across these asymmetric channels, the decoding error rate can be reduced by tailoring the code used to the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-03-25 Alex Rigby , JC Olivier , Peter Jarvis

Efficient decoding to estimate error locations from outcomes of syndrome measurement is the prerequisite for quantum error correction. Decoding in presence of circuit-level noise including measurement errors should be considered in case of…

In this article we address the computational hardness of optimally decoding a quantum stabilizer code. Much like classical linear codes, errors are detected by measuring certain check operators which yield an error syndrome, and the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-10-14 Pavithran Iyer , David Poulin

Probabilistic graphical models have emerged as a powerful modeling tool for several real-world scenarios where one needs to reason under uncertainty. A graphical model's partition function is a central quantity of interest, and its…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-05-25 Durgesh Agrawal , Yash Pote , Kuldeep S Meel

In realistic stabiliser-based quantum error correction there are many ways in which real physical systems deviate from simple toy models of error. Stabiliser measurements may not always be deterministic or may suffer from erasure errors,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-24 João F. Doriguello

The minimum weight perfect matching (MWPM) decoder is the standard decoding strategy for quantum surface codes. However, it suffers a harsh decrease in performance when subjected to biased or non-identical quantum noise. In this work, we…

Partition functions of probability distributions are important quantities for model evaluation and comparisons. We present a new method to compute partition functions of complex and multimodal distributions. Such distributions are often…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-05-27 David Carlson , Patrick Stinson , Ari Pakman , Liam Paninski

Quantum error correction requires accurate and efficient decoding to optimally suppress errors in the encoded information. For concatenated codes, where one code is embedded within another, optimal decoding can be achieved using a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-07 Basudha Srivastava , Yinzi Xiao , Anton Frisk Kockum , Ben Criger , Mats Granath

Two-dimensional color codes are a promising candidate for fault-tolerant quantum computing, as they have high encoding rates, transversal implementation of logical Clifford gates, and resource-efficient magic state preparation schemes.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-29 Seok-Hyung Lee , Andrew Li , Stephen D. Bartlett

The partition function pertaining to finite--temperature decoding of a (typical) randomly chosen code is known to have three types of behavior, corresponding to three phases in the plane of rate vs. temperature: the {\it ferromagnetic…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2007-08-08 Neri Merhav

We develop a most likely error Pauli error decoding algorithm for stabiliser codes based on general purpose integer optimisation. Using this decoder we analyse the performance of holographic codes against Pauli errors and find numerical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-04 Robert J. Harris , Elliot Coupe , Nathan A. McMahon , Gavin K. Brennen , Thomas M. Stace