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Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable planning abilities across various domains, including robotics manipulation and navigation. While recent efforts in robotics have leveraged LLMs both for high-level and low-level…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Harsh Singh , Rocktim Jyoti Das , Mingfei Han , Preslav Nakov , Ivan Laptev

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models extend vision-language models to embodied control by mapping natural-language instructions and visual observations to robot actions. Despite their capabilities, VLA systems face significant challenges due…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Weifan Guan , Qinghao Hu , Aosheng Li , Jian Cheng

Visual-Language-Action (VLA) models represent a paradigm shift in embodied AI, yet existing frameworks often struggle with imprecise spatial perception, suboptimal multimodal fusion, and instability in reinforcement learning. To bridge…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Haoxiang Jie , Yaoyuan Yan , Xiangyu Wei , Kailin Wang , Hongjie Yan , Zhiyou Heng , Daocheng Chen

Fine-tuning vision-language models (VLMs) on robot teleoperation data to create vision-language-action (VLA) models is a promising paradigm for training generalist policies, but it suffers from a fundamental tradeoff: learning to produce…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Asher J. Hancock , Xindi Wu , Lihan Zha , Olga Russakovsky , Anirudha Majumdar

The integration of large language models (LLMs) with control systems has demonstrated significant potential in various settings, such as task completion with a robotic manipulator. A main reason for this success is the ability of LLMs to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Rahel Rickenbach , Bruce Lee , René Zurbrügg , Carmen Amo Alonso , Melanie N. Zeilinger

Long-horizon robotic manipulation requires plans that are both logically coherent and geometrically grounded. Existing Vision-Language-Action policies usually hide planning in latent states or expose only one modality: text-only…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Jinkun Liu , Haohan Chi , Lingfeng Zhang , Yifan Xie , YuAn Wang , Long Chen , Hangjun Ye , Xiaoshuai Hao , Wenbo Ding

Reinforcement learning (RL) enables high-frequency, closed-loop control for robotic manipulation, but scaling to long-horizon tasks with sparse or imperfect rewards remains difficult due to inefficient exploration and poor credit…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Angelo Moroncelli , Roberto Zanetti , Marco Maccarini , Loris Roveda

Large-scale joint training of multimodal models, e.g., CLIP, have demonstrated great performance in many vision-language tasks. However, image-text pairs for pre-training are restricted to the intersection of images and texts, limiting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-09 Yanan Sun , Zihan Zhong , Qi Fan , Chi-Keung Tang , Yu-Wing Tai

The emergence of Vision Language Action (VLA) models marks a paradigm shift from traditional policy-based control to generalized robotics, reframing Vision Language Models (VLMs) from passive sequence generators into active agents for…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Dapeng Zhang , Jing Sun , Chenghui Hu , Xiaoyan Wu , Zhenlong Yuan , Rui Zhou , Fei Shen , Qingguo Zhou

In this paper, we study the generalization properties of Model-Agnostic Meta-Learning (MAML) algorithms for supervised learning problems. We focus on the setting in which we train the MAML model over $m$ tasks, each with $n$ data points,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-18 Alireza Fallah , Aryan Mokhtari , Asuman Ozdaglar

Multi-task ``vision-language-action'' (VLA) models have recently demonstrated increasing promise as generalist foundation models for robotics, achieving non-trivial performance out of the box on new tasks in new environments. However, for…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Kaustubh Sridhar , Souradeep Dutta , Dinesh Jayaraman , Insup Lee

Although vision models such as Contrastive Language-Image Pre-Training (CLIP) show impressive generalization performance, their zero-shot robustness is still limited under Out-of-Distribution (OOD) scenarios without fine-tuning. Instead of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Zhuo Huang , Chang Liu , Yinpeng Dong , Hang Su , Shibao Zheng , Tongliang Liu

While vision-language models have advanced significantly, their application in language-conditioned robotic manipulation is still underexplored, especially for contact-rich tasks that extend beyond visually dominant pick-and-place…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Chaofan Zhang , Peng Hao , Xiaoge Cao , Xiaoshuai Hao , Shaowei Cui , Shuo Wang

Hierarchical Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have rapidly become a dominant paradigm for robotic manipulation. It typically comprising a Vision-Language backbone for perception and understanding, together with a generative policy for…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Zaijing Li , Bing Hu , Rui Shao , Gongwei Chen , Dongmei Jiang , Pengwei Xie , Jianye Hao , Liqiang Nie

Automating garment manipulation poses a significant challenge for assistive robotics due to the diverse and deformable nature of garments. Traditional approaches typically require separate models for each garment type, which limits…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Xin Li , Siyuan Huang , Qiaojun Yu , Zhengkai Jiang , Ce Hao , Yimeng Zhu , Hongsheng Li , Peng Gao , Cewu Lu

Today's best-explored routes towards generalist robots center on collecting ever larger "observations-in actions-out" robotics datasets to train large end-to-end models, copying a recipe that has worked for vision-language models (VLMs). We…

Mobile manipulation is the fundamental challenge for robotics to assist humans with diverse tasks and environments in everyday life. However, conventional mobile manipulation approaches often struggle to generalize across different tasks…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Zhenyu Wu , Yuheng Zhou , Xiuwei Xu , Ziwei Wang , Haibin Yan

Computer Vision (CV) has yet to fully achieve the zero-shot task generalization observed in Natural Language Processing (NLP), despite following many of the milestones established in NLP, such as large transformer models, extensive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Yang Shen , Xiu-Shen Wei , Yifan Sun , Yuxin Song , Tao Yuan , Jian Jin , Heyang Xu , Yazhou Yao , Errui Ding

Recent Vision Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated strong performance across a wide range of multimodal reasoning tasks. This raises the question of whether such general-purpose models can also address specialized visual recognition…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Vaclav Javorek , Jakub Honzik , Ivan Gruber , Tomas Zelezny , Marek Hruz

Acquiring dexterous robotic skills from human video demonstrations remains a significant challenge, largely due to conventional reliance on low-level trajectory replication, which often fails to generalize across varying objects, spatial…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Shunlei Li , Longsen Gao , Jiuwen Cao , Yingbai Hu