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Next generation detectors, such as LISA, LGWA, and ET will, for the first time, probe the high redshift Universe, offering unique insight into the birth, growth, and dynamics of the first black holes (BHs) during their earliest stages…

Gravitational-wave (GW) observations of compact binaries have the potential to unlock several remarkable applications in astrophysics, cosmology, and nuclear physics through accurate measurements of the source luminosity distance and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-09-23 Adriano Frattale Mascioli , Francesco Crescimbeni , Costantino Pacilio , Paolo Pani , Francesco Pannarale

The first discovery of the gravitational wave (GW) event, GW150914, suggests a higher merger rate of black-hole (BH) binaries. If this is true, a number of BH binaries will be observed via the second-generation GW detectors, and the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-07-13 Toshiya Namikawa , Atsushi Nishizawa , Atsushi Taruya

The next generation of detectors will detect gravitational waves from binary neutron stars at cosmological distances, for which around a thousand electromagnetic follow-ups may be observed per year. So far, most work devoted to the expected…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-11-17 Viviane Alfradique , Miguel Quartin , Luca Amendola , Tiago Castro , Alexandre Toubiana

Gravitational wave (GW) experiments are entering their advanced stage which should soon open a new observational window on the Universe. Looking into this future, the Einstein Telescope (ET) was designed to have a fantastic sensitivity…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2014-11-07 Marek Biesiada , Xuheng Ding , Aleksandra Piorkowska , Zong-Hong Zhu

The detection of gravitational waves from the merger of binary black holes by the LIGO Collaboration has opened a new window to astrophysics. With the sensitivities of ground based detectors in the coming years we can only detect the local…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-06-28 Ilias Cholis

We investigate the synergy between large-scale structure (LSS) observations and gravitational wave (GW) events for testing modified gravity. In particular, we forecast the LSS $\times$ GW cross-correlation signal using Stage-IV LSS surveys,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-21 Chiara De Leo , Guadalupe Cañas-Herrera , Anna Balaudo , Matteo Martinelli , Alessandra Silvestri , Tessa Baker

The direct detection of gravitational waves by the LIGO-Virgo collaboration has opened a new window with which to measure cosmological parameters such as the Hubble constant $H_0$, and also probe general relativity on large scales. In this…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-08-14 S. Mastrogiovanni , D. Steer , M. Barsuglia

Crosscorrelation of the outputs of two Gravitational Wave (GW) detectors has recently been proposed [1] as a method for detecting statistical association between GWs and Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs). Unfortunately, the method can be effectively…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 G. Modestino , A. Moleti

The Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) and Virgo Interferometer Collaborations have now detected all three classes of compact binary mergers: binary black hole (BBH), binary neutron star (BNS), and neutron star-black…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-03-20 Richard Qiu , Plamen Krastev , Kiranjyot Gill , Edo Berger

The future ground- and space-based gravitational wave (GW) detectors offer unprecedented opportunities to test general relativity (GR) with greater precision. In this work, we investigate the capability of future ground-based GW detectors,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-07-18 Bo-Yang Zhang , Tao Zhu , Jian-Ming Yan , Jing-Fei Zhang , Xin Zhang

In this study, we use simple performance metrics to assess the science capabilities of future ground-based gravitational-wave detector networks -- composed of A+ or Voyager upgrades to the LIGO, Virgo, and KAGRA observatories and proposed…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-11-13 Ssohrab Borhanian , B. S. Sathyaprakash

The Advanced LIGO and Virgo detectors opened a new era to study black holes (BHs) in our Universe. A population of stellar-mass binary BHs (BBHs) are discovered to be heavier than previously expected. These heavy BBHs provide us an…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-06-16 Chang Liu , Lijing Shao , Junjie Zhao , Yong Gao

Einstein Telescope (ET) is a third-generation gravitational wave (GW) detector with tenfold better sensitivity compared to the advanced LIGO detectors. It will be capable of observing copious stellar mass binary black hole mergers up to a…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-30 Pinaki Roy , Tomasz Bulik

We discuss the capability of a third-generation ground-based detector such as the Einstein Telescope (ET) to enhance our astrophysical knowledge through detections of gravitational waves emitted by binaries including intermediate-mass and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-03-13 Jonathan R. Gair , Ilya Mandel , M. Coleman Miller , Marta Volonteri

Gravitational-wave (GW) dark sirens provide an independent probe of the cosmic expansion history. Their cosmological constraining power, however, depends critically on precise luminosity-distance measurements and sky localizations for…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-16 Ji-Yu Song , Yue-Yan Dong , Shang-Jie Jin , Si-Ren Xiao , Jing-Fei Zhang , Xin Zhang

The mechanism for gamma ray bursters and the detection of gravitational waves (GWs) are two outstanding problems facing modern physics. Many models of gamma ray bursters predict copious GW emission, so the assumption of an association…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 M. T. Murphy , J. K. Webb , I. S. Heng

Einstein Telescope (ET) is a 3rd generation gravitational-wave (GW) detector that is currently undergoing a design study. ET can detect millions of compact binary mergers up to redshifts 2-8. A small fraction of mergers might be observed in…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2011-08-09 B. S. Sathyaprakash , Bernard Schutz , Chris Van Den Broeck

The stochastic cosmological gravitational-wave background (CGWB) provides a direct window to study early universe phenomena and fundamental physics. With the proposed third-generation ground-based gravitational wave detectors, Einstein…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-09-16 Ashish Sharma , Jan Harms

We present a forecast for the upcoming Einstein Telescope (ET) interferometer with two new methods to infer cosmological parameters. We consider the emission of Gravitational Waves (GWs) from compact binary coalescences, whose…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-05-15 Giovanni Antinozzi , Matteo Martinelli , Roberto Maoli