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Diffusion Probabilistic Models stand as a critical tool in generative modelling, enabling the generation of complex data distributions. This family of generative models yields record-breaking performance in tasks such as image synthesis,…

Aligning diffusion models with user preferences has been a key challenge. Existing methods for aligning diffusion models either require retraining or are limited to differentiable reward functions. To address these limitations, we propose a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Po-Hung Yeh , Kuang-Huei Lee , Jun-Cheng Chen

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have achieved remarkable success in tasks such as image captioning, visual question answering, and cross-modal reasoning by integrating visual and textual modalities. However, their multimodal nature…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Fengling Zhu , Boshi Liu , Jingyu Hua , Sheng Zhong

Diffusion models learn to denoise data and the trained denoiser is then used to generate new samples from the data distribution. In this paper, we revisit the diffusion sampling process and identify a fundamental cause of sample quality…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Yunshu Wu , Yingtao Luo , Xianghao Kong , Evangelos E. Papalexakis , Greg Ver Steeg

Adversarial attacks have become a well-explored domain, frequently serving as evaluation baselines for model robustness. Among these, black-box attacks based on transferability have received significant attention due to their practical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Chun Tong Lei , Zhongliang Guo , Hon Chung Lee , Minh Quoc Duong , Chun Pong Lau

Diffusion Policies have become widely used in Imitation Learning, offering several appealing properties, such as generating multimodal and discontinuous behavior. As models are becoming larger to capture more complex capabilities, their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Moritz Reuss , Jyothish Pari , Pulkit Agrawal , Rudolf Lioutikov

Due to the high complexity and technical requirements of industrial production processes, surface defects will inevitably appear, which seriously affects the quality of products. Although existing lightweight detection networks are highly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Xuyi Yu

Recent work on diffusion models proposed that they operate in two regimes: memorization, in which models reproduce their training data, and generalization, in which they generate novel samples. While this has been tested in high-noise…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Elizabeth Pavlova , Xue-Xin Wei

In supervised learning for image denoising, usually the paired clean images and noisy images are collected or synthesised to train a denoising model. L2 norm loss or other distance functions are used as the objective function for training.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-07 Yutong Xie , Minne Yuan , Bin Dong , Quanzheng Li

Understanding causal dependencies in observational data is critical for informing decision-making. These relationships are often modeled as Bayesian Networks (BNs) and Directed Acyclic Graphs (DAGs). Existing methods, such as NOTEARS and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Hao Zhu , Di Zhou , Donna Slonim

Real-world image denoising is an extremely important image processing problem, which aims to recover clean images from noisy images captured in natural environments. In recent years, diffusion models have achieved very promising results in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Cheng Yang , Lijing Liang , Zhixun Su

We introduce a new attack paradigm that embeds hidden adversarial capabilities directly into diffusion models via fine-tuning, without altering their observable behavior or requiring modifications during inference. Unlike prior approaches…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Lucas Beerens , Desmond J. Higham

This work proposes a learning-based statistical refinement method for improving the denoising results of a given denoiser without knowing the precise noise distribution or accessing clean images or calibration data. While there are many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Rihuan Ke

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is a crucial task for ensuring the reliability and safety of deep learning. Currently, discriminator models outperform other methods in this regard. However, the feature extraction process used by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Luping Liu , Yi Ren , Xize Cheng , Rongjie Huang , Chongxuan Li , Zhou Zhao

In this paper, we introduce a denoising diffusion algorithm to discover microstructures with nonlinear fine-tuned properties. Denoising diffusion probabilistic models are generative models that use diffusion-based dynamics to gradually…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-14 Nikolaos N. Vlassis , WaiChing Sun

Diffusion models achieve strong generative performance but often rely on large datasets that may include sensitive content. This challenge is compounded by the models' tendency to memorize training data, raising privacy concerns. SFBD (Lu…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Haoye Lu , Darren Lo , Yaoliang Yu

Recently, research on denoising diffusion models has expanded its application to the field of image restoration. Traditional diffusion-based image restoration methods utilize degraded images as conditional input to effectively guide the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Zhenning Shi , Haoshuai Zheng , Chen Xu , Changsheng Dong , Bin Pan , Xueshuo Xie , Along He , Tao Li , Huazhu Fu

Diffusion models have achieved unprecedented performance in image generation, yet they suffer from slow inference due to their iterative sampling process. To address this, early-exiting has recently been proposed, where the depth of the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Daniel Gallo Fernández , Răzvan-Andrei Matişan , Alejandro Monroy Muñoz , Ana-Maria Vasilcoiu , Janusz Partyka , Tin Hadži Veljković , Metod Jazbec

In recent times, deep neural networks (DNNs) have been successfully adopted for various applications. Despite their notable achievements, it has become evident that DNNs are vulnerable to sophisticated adversarial attacks, restricting their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Alik Pramanick , Mayank Bansal , Utkarsh Srivastava , Suklav Ghosh , Arijit Sur

Currently, applying diffusion models in pixel space of high resolution images is difficult. Instead, existing approaches focus on diffusion in lower dimensional spaces (latent diffusion), or have multiple super-resolution levels of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-13 Emiel Hoogeboom , Jonathan Heek , Tim Salimans