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Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) effectively enhances Large Language Models (LLMs) by incorporating retrieved external knowledge into the generation process. Reasoning models improve LLM performance in multi-hop QA tasks, which require…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Guo Chen , Junjie Huang , Huaijin Xie , Fei Sun , Tao Jia

Large language models (LLM) hold significant potential for applications in biomedicine, but they struggle with hallucinations and outdated knowledge. While retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) is generally employed to address these issues,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Jiwoong Sohn , Yein Park , Chanwoong Yoon , Sihyeon Park , Hyeon Hwang , Mujeen Sung , Hyunjae Kim , Jaewoo Kang

Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) enriches the ability of language models to reason using external context to augment responses for a given user prompt. This approach has risen in popularity due to practical applications in various…

The efficient processing of long context poses a serious challenge for large language models (LLMs). Recently, retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has emerged as a promising strategy for this problem, as it enables LLMs to make selective…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Kun Luo , Zheng Liu , Peitian Zhang , Hongjin Qian , Jun Zhao , Kang Liu

Previous studies have found that PLM-based retrieval models exhibit a preference for LLM-generated content, assigning higher relevance scores to these documents even when their semantic quality is comparable to human-written ones. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Haoyu Wang , Sunhao Dai , Haiyuan Zhao , Liang Pang , Xiao Zhang , Gang Wang , Zhenhua Dong , Jun Xu , Ji-Rong Wen

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems often struggle with imperfect retrieval, as traditional retrievers focus on lexical or semantic similarity rather than logical relevance. To address this, we propose \textbf{HopRAG}, a novel RAG…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Hao Liu , Zhengren Wang , Xi Chen , Zhiyu Li , Feiyu Xiong , Qinhan Yu , Wentao Zhang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a crucial framework in natural language processing (NLP), improving factual consistency and reducing hallucinations by integrating external document retrieval with large language models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Youngjoon Jang , Seongtae Hong , Junyoung Son , Sungjin Park , Chanjun Park , Heuiseok Lim

The integration of retrieved passages and large language models (LLMs), such as ChatGPTs, has significantly contributed to improving open-domain question answering. However, there is still a lack of exploration regarding the optimal…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Ye Liu , Semih Yavuz , Rui Meng , Meghana Moorthy , Shafiq Joty , Caiming Xiong , Yingbo Zhou

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has emerged as an approach to augment large language models (LLMs) by reducing their reliance on static knowledge and improving answer factuality. RAG retrieves relevant context snippets and generates an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Juraj Vladika , Florian Matthes

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has been shown to enhance the factual accuracy of Large Language Models (LLMs), but existing methods often suffer from limited reasoning capabilities in effectively using the retrieved evidence,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Shayekh Bin Islam , Md Asib Rahman , K S M Tozammel Hossain , Enamul Hoque , Shafiq Joty , Md Rizwan Parvez

Click data collected by modern recommendation systems are an important source of observational data that can be utilized to train learning-to-rank (LTR) systems. However, these data suffer from a number of biases that can result in poor…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-05-13 Zohreh Ovaisi , Ragib Ahsan , Yifan Zhang , Kathryn Vasilaky , Elena Zheleva

Retrieval-augmented large language models (LLMs) leverage relevant content retrieved by information retrieval systems to generate correct responses, aiming to alleviate the hallucination problem. However, existing retriever-responder…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-26 Taolin Zhang , Dongyang Li , Qizhou Chen , Chengyu Wang , Longtao Huang , Hui Xue , Xiaofeng He , Jun Huang

Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) is a promising technique for mitigating two key limitations of large language models (LLMs): outdated information and hallucinations. RAG system stores documents as embedding vectors in a database. Given…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Taehee Jeong , Xingzhe Zhao , Peizu Li , Markus Valvur , Weihua Zhao

With the growing success of reasoning models across complex natural language tasks, researchers in the Information Retrieval (IR) community have begun exploring how similar reasoning capabilities can be integrated into passage rerankers…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Nour Jedidi , Yung-Sung Chuang , James Glass , Jimmy Lin

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) can alleviate hallucinations of Large Language Models (LLMs) by referencing external documents. However, the misinformation in external documents may mislead LLMs' generation. To address this issue, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Boyi Deng , Wenjie Wang , Fengbin Zhu , Qifan Wang , Fuli Feng

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems using large language models (LLMs) often generate inaccurate responses due to the retrieval of irrelevant or loosely related information. Existing methods, which operate at the document level,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-24 Ishneet Sukhvinder Singh , Ritvik Aggarwal , Ibrahim Allahverdiyev , Muhammad Taha , Aslihan Akalin , Kevin Zhu , Sean O'Brien

Cognitive biases are systematic deviations in thinking that lead to irrational judgments and problematic decision-making, extensively studied across various fields. Recently, large language models (LLMs) have shown advanced understanding…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Nuo Chen , Jiqun Liu , Xiaoyu Dong , Qijiong Liu , Tetsuya Sakai , Xiao-Ming Wu

Large Language Models (LLMs) are smart but forgetful. Recent studies, (e.g., (Bubeck et al., 2023)) on modern LLMs have shown that they are capable of performing amazing tasks typically necessitating human-level intelligence. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-08 Eric Melz

While auxiliary information has become a key to enhancing Large Language Models (LLMs), relatively little is known about how LLMs merge these contexts, specifically contexts generated by LLMs and those retrieved from external sources. To…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Hexiang Tan , Fei Sun , Wanli Yang , Yuanzhuo Wang , Qi Cao , Xueqi Cheng

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) improves reliability of large language models by incorporating external knowledge, but the retrieval process can introduce bias that propagates to generated outputs. This issue is particularly…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Yingqi Zhao , Vasilis Efthymiou , Jyrki Nummenmaa , Kostas Stefanidis
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