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Projection algorithms such as t-SNE or UMAP are useful for the visualization of high dimensional data, but depend on hyperparameters which must be tuned carefully. Unfortunately, iteratively recomputing projections to find the optimal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-28 Gabriel Appleby , Mateus Espadoto , Rui Chen , Samuel Goree , Alexandru Telea , Erik W Anderson , Remco Chang

Successful machine learning on graphs or networks requires embeddings that not only represent nodes and edges as low-dimensional vectors but also preserve the graph structure. Established methods for generating embeddings require flexible…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Aishwarya Sarkar , Sayan Ghosh , Nathan R. Tallent , Ali Jannesari

With the proliferation of Graph Neural Network (GNN) methods stemming from contrastive learning, unsupervised node representation learning for graph data is rapidly gaining traction across various fields, from biology to molecular dynamics,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-01 Jihee You , So Won Jeong , Claire Donnat

Nonlinear dimensional reduction with the manifold assumption, often called manifold learning, has proven its usefulness in a wide range of high-dimensional data analysis. The significant impact of t-SNE and UMAP has catalyzed intense…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Jungeum Kim , Xiao Wang

In the BCI field, introspection and interpretation of brain signals are desired for providing feedback or to guide rapid paradigm prototyping but are challenging due to the high noise level and dimensionality of the signals. Deep neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Peter Wassenaar , Pierre Guetschel , Michael Tangermann

Dimensionality reduction is crucial both for visualization and preprocessing high dimensional data for machine learning. We introduce a novel method based on a hierarchy built on 1-nearest neighbor graphs in the original space which is used…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-31 M. Saquib Sarfraz , Marios Koulakis , Constantin Seibold , Rainer Stiefelhagen

Dimensionality reduction methods, also known as projections, are frequently used for exploring multidimensional data in machine learning, data science, and information visualization. Among these, t-SNE and its variants have become very…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-22 Mateus Espadoto , Nina S. T. Hirata , Alexandru C. Telea

Running machine learning analytics over geographically distributed datasets is a rapidly arising problem in the world of data management policies ensuring privacy and data security. Visualizing high dimensional data using tools such as…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-11-13 Viska Wei , Nikita Ivkin , Vladimir Braverman , Alexander Szalay

Neighbour embeddings (NE) allow the representation of high dimensional datasets into lower dimensional spaces and are often used in data visualisation. In practice, accelerated approximations are employed to handle very large datasets.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Pierre Lambert , Edouard Couplet , Michel Verleysen , John Aldo Lee

Data visualisation helps understanding data represented by multiple variables, also called features, stored in a large matrix where individuals are stored in lines and variable values in columns. These data structures are frequently called…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-07-25 Haseeb Younis , Paul Trust , Rosane Minghim

Nonlinear dimension reduction (NLDR) techniques such as tSNE, and UMAP provide a low-dimensional representation of high-dimensional data ($p\text{-}D$) by applying a nonlinear transformation. NLDR often exaggerates random patterns. But NLDR…

A powerful data transformation method named guided projections is proposed creating new possibilities to reveal the group structure of high-dimensional data in the presence of noise variables. Utilising projections onto a space spanned by a…

Non-linear dimensionality reduction can be performed by \textit{manifold learning} approaches, such as Stochastic Neighbour Embedding (SNE), Locally Linear Embedding (LLE) and Isometric Feature Mapping (ISOMAP). These methods aim to produce…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-12-09 Theodoulos Rodosthenous , Vahid Shahrezaei , Marina Evangelou

The dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) has become a leading tool for data-driven modeling of dynamical systems, providing a regression framework for fitting linear dynamical models to time-series measurement data. We present a simple…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2017-04-11 Travis Askham , J. Nathan Kutz

High-dimensional data visualization is crucial in the big data era and these techniques such as t-SNE and UMAP have been widely used in science and engineering. Big data, however, is often distributed across multiple data centers and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-19 Dong Qiao , Xinxian Ma , Jicong Fan

Projection techniques are often used to visualize high-dimensional data, allowing users to better understand the overall structure of multi-dimensional spaces on a 2D screen. Although many such methods exist, comparably little work has been…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-11-03 Mateus Espadoto , Gabriel Appleby , Ashley Suh , Dylan Cashman , Mingwei Li , Carlos Scheidegger , Erik W Anderson , Remco Chang , Alexandru C Telea

UMAP (Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection) is a novel manifold learning technique for dimension reduction. UMAP is constructed from a theoretical framework based in Riemannian geometry and algebraic topology. The result is a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-09-21 Leland McInnes , John Healy , James Melville

Dimensionality reduction methods such as t-SNE and UMAP are popular methods for visualizing data with a potential (latent) clustered structure. They are known to group data points at the same time as they embed them, resulting in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Elizabeth Coda , Ery Arias-Castro , Gal Mishne

This paper investigates the theoretical foundations of the t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE) algorithm, a popular nonlinear dimension reduction and data visualization method. A novel theoretical framework for the analysis…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-11-02 T. Tony Cai , Rong Ma

The dimensionality reduction has been widely introduced to use the high-dimensional data for regression, classification, feature analysis, and visualization. As the one technique of dimensionality reduction, a stochastic neighbor embedding…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-03 Motoshi Abe , Junichi Miyao , Takio Kurita
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