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Large language models have shown impressive performance in various domains, including code generation across diverse open-source domains. However, their applicability in proprietary industrial settings, where domain-specific constraints and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Yash Mundhra , Max Valk , Maliheh Izadi

The task of generating code from a natural language description, or NL2Code, is considered a pressing and significant challenge in code intelligence. Thanks to the rapid development of pre-training techniques, surging large language models…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Daoguang Zan , Bei Chen , Fengji Zhang , Dianjie Lu , Bingchao Wu , Bei Guan , Yongji Wang , Jian-Guang Lou

Large language models (LMs) of code have recently shown tremendous promise in completing code and synthesizing code from natural language descriptions. However, the current state-of-the-art code LMs (e.g., Codex (Chen et al., 2021)) are not…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2022-05-05 Frank F. Xu , Uri Alon , Graham Neubig , Vincent J. Hellendoorn

Multilingual Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently shown great capabilities in a wide range of tasks, exhibiting state-of-the-art performance through zero-shot or few-shot prompting methods. While there have been extensive studies on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Ruochen Zhang , Samuel Cahyawijaya , Jan Christian Blaise Cruz , Genta Indra Winata , Alham Fikri Aji

In recent years, large language models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful tools with potential applications in various fields, including software engineering. Within the scope of this research, we evaluate five different state-of-the-art LLMs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-09 Luis Mayer , Christian Heumann , Matthias Aßenmacher

Software specifications are essential for many Software Engineering (SE) tasks such as bug detection and test generation. Many existing approaches are proposed to extract the specifications defined in natural language form (e.g., comments)…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Danning Xie , Byungwoo Yoo , Nan Jiang , Mijung Kim , Lin Tan , Xiangyu Zhang , Judy S. Lee

Developers deal with code-change-related tasks daily, e.g., reviewing code. Pre-trained code and code-change-oriented models have been adapted to help developers with such tasks. Recently, large language models (LLMs) have shown their…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Lishui Fan , Jiakun Liu , Zhongxin Liu , David Lo , Xin Xia , Shanping Li

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance in code generation, particularly when augmented with chain-of-thought (CoT) prompting techniques. They break down requirements into intermediate reasoning steps, which…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Binquan Zhang , Li Zhang , Zhiwen Luo , Yuxin Du , Fang Liu , Song Wang , Lin Shi

While comments are non-functional elements of source code, Large Language Models (LLM) frequently rely on them to perform Software Engineering (SE) tasks. Yet, where in the model this reliance resides, and how it affects performance,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Aaron Imani , Mohammad Moshirpour , Iftekhar Ahmed

Large language models have shown good potential in supporting software development tasks. This is why more and more developers turn to LLMs (e.g. ChatGPT) to support them in fixing their buggy code. While this can save time and effort, many…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-09-06 Yacine Majdoub , Eya Ben Charrada

The rapid rise in popularity of Large Language Models (LLMs) with emerging capabilities has spurred public curiosity to evaluate and compare different LLMs, leading many researchers to propose their own LLM benchmarks. Noticing preliminary…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Timothy R. McIntosh , Teo Susnjak , Nalin Arachchilage , Tong Liu , Paul Watters , Malka N. Halgamuge

Language models for code (CodeLMs) have emerged as powerful tools for code-related tasks, outperforming traditional methods and standard machine learning approaches. However, these models are susceptible to security vulnerabilities, drawing…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Yuchen Chen , Weisong Sun , Chunrong Fang , Zhenpeng Chen , Yifei Ge , Tingxu Han , Quanjun Zhang , Yang Liu , Zhenyu Chen , Baowen Xu

Statistical language modeling techniques have successfully been applied to large source code corpora, yielding a variety of new software development tools, such as tools for code suggestion, improving readability, and API migration. A major…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-03-19 Rafael-Michael Karampatsis , Hlib Babii , Romain Robbes , Charles Sutton , Andrea Janes

The critique capacity of Large Language Models (LLMs) is essential for reasoning abilities, which can provide necessary suggestions (e.g., detailed analysis and constructive feedback). Therefore, how to evaluate the critique capacity of…

Code generation and comprehension by Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as core drivers of industrial intelligence and decision optimization, finding widespread application in fields such as finance, automation, and aerospace.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Puyu Zeng , Zhaoxi Wang , Zhixu Duan , Liang Feng , Shaobo Wang , Cunxiang Wang , Jinghang Wang , Bing Zhao , Hu Wei , Linfeng Zhang

Automating hardware design could obviate a significant amount of human error from the engineering process and lead to fewer errors. Verilog is a popular hardware description language to model and design digital systems, thus generating…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2022-12-22 Shailja Thakur , Baleegh Ahmad , Zhenxing Fan , Hammond Pearce , Benjamin Tan , Ramesh Karri , Brendan Dolan-Gavitt , Siddharth Garg

The increasing prevalence of software bugs has made automated program repair (APR) a key research focus. Large language models (LLMs) offer new opportunities for APR, but existing studies mostly rely on smaller, earlier-generation models…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Jiajun Sun , Fengjie Li , Xinzhu Qi , Hongyu Zhang , Jiajun Jiang

Logical reasoning consistently plays a fundamental and significant role in the domains of knowledge engineering and artificial intelligence. Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as a noteworthy innovation in natural language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Fangzhi Xu , Qika Lin , Jiawei Han , Tianzhe Zhao , Jun Liu , Erik Cambria

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become vital tools in software development tasks such as code generation, completion, and analysis. As their integration into workflows deepens, ensuring robustness against vulnerabilities especially those…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Yang Liu , Armstrong Foundjem , Foutse Khomh , Heng Li

Code Large Language Models (CLLMs) have exhibited outstanding performance in program synthesis, attracting the focus of the research community. The evaluation of CLLM's program synthesis capability has generally relied on manually curated…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Longtian Wang , Tianlin Li , Xiaofei Xie , Yuhan Zhi , Jian Wang , Chao Shen