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Distributionally robust optimization (DRO) studies decision problems under uncertainty where the probability distribution governing the uncertain problem parameters is itself uncertain. A key component of any DRO model is its ambiguity set,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-05-28 Daniel Kuhn , Soroosh Shafiee , Wolfram Wiesemann

Stochastic Optimization (SO) is a classical approach for optimization under uncertainty that typically requires knowledge about the probability distribution of uncertain parameters. As the latter is often unknown, Distributionally Robust…

This paper studies Distributionally Robust Optimization (DRO), a fundamental framework for enhancing the robustness and generalization of statistical learning and optimization. An effective ambiguity set for DRO must involve distributions…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Jiaqi Wen , Jianyi Yang

Distributionally Robust Optimization (DRO), as a popular method to train robust models against distribution shift between training and test sets, has received tremendous attention in recent years. In this paper, we propose and analyze…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-17 Qi Qi , Jiameng Lyu , Kung sik Chan , Er Wei Bai , Tianbao Yang

Distribution shifts and minority subpopulations frequently undermine the reliability of deep neural networks trained using Empirical Risk Minimization (ERM). Distributionally Robust Optimization (DRO) addresses this by optimizing for the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Aheer Sravon , Devdyuti Mazumder , Md. Ibrahim

Modern stochastic optimization pipelines increasingly rely on learned generative models to represent uncertainty, while downstream decisions are evaluated almost entirely through Monte Carlo scenarios. This shifts the operational object of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-01 Ziwei Zhang , Jonathan Yu-Meng Li

As machine learning models are deployed ever more broadly, it becomes increasingly important that they are not only able to perform well on their training distribution, but also yield accurate predictions when confronted with distribution…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-14 Paul Michel , Tatsunori Hashimoto , Graham Neubig

Models trained via empirical risk minimization (ERM) are known to rely on spurious correlations between labels and task-independent input features, resulting in poor generalization to distributional shifts. Group distributionally robust…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-12 Bhargavi Paranjape , Pradeep Dasigi , Vivek Srikumar , Luke Zettlemoyer , Hannaneh Hajishirzi

We consider optimal decision-making problems in an uncertain environment. In particular, we consider the case in which the distribution of the input is unknown, yet there is abundant historical data drawn from the distribution. In this…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2014-10-03 Zizhuo Wang , Peter Glynn , Yinyu Ye

Distributionally robust optimization (DRO) is a powerful framework for training robust models against data distribution shifts. This paper focuses on constrained DRO, which has an explicit characterization of the robustness level. Existing…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-04-02 Qi Zhang , Yi Zhou , Ashley Prater-Bennette , Lixin Shen , Shaofeng Zou

Recently, there has been a growing interest in distributionally robust optimization (DRO) as a principled approach to data-driven decision making. In this paper, we consider a distributionally robust two-stage stochastic optimization…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-12-07 Zhe Zhang , Shabbir Ahmed , Guanghui Lan

In this paper, we propose a practical online method for solving a class of distributionally robust optimization (DRO) with non-convex objectives, which has important applications in machine learning for improving the robustness of neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-15 Qi Qi , Zhishuai Guo , Yi Xu , Rong Jin , Tianbao Yang

While traditional Deep Learning (DL) optimization methods treat all training samples equally, Distributionally Robust Optimization (DRO) adaptively assigns importance weights to different samples. However, a significant gap exists between…

Distributionally Robust Optimization (DRO) provides a framework for decision-making under distributional uncertainty, yet its effectiveness can be compromised by outliers in the training data. This paper introduces a principled approach to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Shuyao Li , Ilias Diakonikolas , Jelena Diakonikolas

Distributionally robust optimization (DRO) is a widely used framework for optimizing objective functionals in the presence of both randomness and model-form uncertainty. A key step in the practical solution of many DRO problems is a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-04-22 Jeremiah Birrell

A central goal of machine learning is to learn robust representations that capture the causal relationship between inputs features and output labels. However, minimizing empirical risk over finite or biased datasets often results in models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-15 Chunting Zhou , Xuezhe Ma , Paul Michel , Graham Neubig

Empirical risk minimization (ERM) and distributionally robust optimization (DRO) are popular approaches for solving stochastic optimization problems that appear in operations management and machine learning. Existing generalization error…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-09-26 Garud Iyengar , Henry Lam , Tianyu Wang

This paper proposes a novel approach to construct data-driven online solutions to optimization problems (P) subject to a class of distributionally uncertain dynamical systems. The introduced framework allows for the simultaneous learning of…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-23 Dan Li , Dariush Fooladivanda , Sonia Martinez

Distributionally robust optimization (DRO) is a powerful technique to train robust models against data distribution shift. This paper aims to solve regularized nonconvex DRO problems, where the uncertainty set is modeled by a so-called…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-06-30 Yufeng Yang , Yi Zhou , Zhaosong Lu

In this paper we develop a Stochastic Gradient Langevin Dynamics (SGLD) algorithm tailored for solving a certain class of non-convex distributionally robust optimisation (DRO) problems. By deriving non-asymptotic convergence bounds, we…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-08 Ariel Neufeld , Matthew Ng Cheng En , Ying Zhang