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Related papers: Building LOD Representation for 3D Urban Scenes

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Reconstructing semantic 3D building models at the level of detail (LoD) 3 is a long-standing challenge. Unlike mesh-based models, they require watertight geometry and object-wise semantics at the fa\c{c}ade level. The principal challenge of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-11 Olaf Wysocki , Yan Xia , Magdalena Wysocki , Eleonora Grilli , Ludwig Hoegner , Daniel Cremers , Uwe Stilla

Despite recent advancements in surface reconstruction, Level of Detail (LoD) 3 building reconstruction remains an unresolved challenge. The main issue pertains to the object-oriented modelling paradigm, which requires georeferencing,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Wenzhao Tang , Weihang Li , Xiucheng Liang , Olaf Wysocki , Filip Biljecki , Christoph Holst , Boris Jutzi

Physically based rendering of complex scenes can be prohibitively costly with a potentially unbounded and uneven distribution of complexity across the rendered image. The goal of an ideal level of detail (LoD) method is to make rendering…

Graphics · Computer Science 2022-11-14 Steve Bako , Pradeep Sen , Anton Kaplanyan

In this work, we present a novel level-of-detail (LOD) method for 3D Gaussian Splatting that enables real-time rendering of large-scale scenes on memory-constrained devices. Our approach introduces a hierarchical LOD representation that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Jonas Kulhanek , Marie-Julie Rakotosaona , Fabian Manhardt , Christina Tsalicoglou , Michael Niemeyer , Torsten Sattler , Songyou Peng , Federico Tombari

Detailed 3D building models are crucial for urban planning, digital twins, and disaster management applications. While Level of Detail 1 (LoD)1 and LoD2 building models are widely available, they lack detailed facade elements essential for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Franz Hanke , Antonia Bieringer , Olaf Wysocki , Boris Jutzi

For architectural design, representation across multiple Levels of Details (LoD) is essential for achieving a smooth transition from conceptual massing to detailed modeling. However, traditional LoD modeling processes rely on manual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Xusheng Du , Athiwat Kongkaeo , Ye Zhang , Haoran Xie

Level of Detail (LoD) is a fundamental technique in real-time computer graphics for managing the rendering costs of complex scenes while preserving visual fidelity. Traditionally, LoD is implemented using discrete levels (DLoD), where…

Graphics · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Zhigang Cheng , Mingchao Sun , Yu Liu , Zengye Ge , Luyang Tang , Mu Xu , Yangyan Li , Peng Pan

Managing the level-of-detail (LOD) in architectural models is crucial yet challenging, particularly for effective representation and visualization of buildings. Traditional approaches often fail to deliver controllable detail alongside…

Graphics · Computer Science 2024-09-20 Runze Zhang , Shanshan Pan , Chenlei Lv , Minglun Gong , Hui Huang

Although highly-detailed LoD3 building models reveal great potential in various applications, they have yet to be available. The primary challenges in creating such models concern not only automatic detection and reconstruction but also…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-12 Olaf Wysocki , Ludwig Hoegner , Uwe Stilla

Building accurate maps is a key building block to enable reliable localization, planning, and navigation of autonomous vehicles. We propose a novel approach for building accurate maps of dynamic environments utilizing a sequence of LiDAR…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Xingguang Zhong , Yue Pan , Cyrill Stachniss , Jens Behley

We propose a learning-based method to reconstruct the local terrain for locomotion with a mobile robot traversing urban environments. Using a stream of depth measurements from the onboard cameras and the robot's trajectory, the algorithm…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-06-17 David Hoeller , Nikita Rudin , Christopher Choy , Animashree Anandkumar , Marco Hutter

Recent advancements in Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) have increasingly highlighted the robustness of LiDAR-based techniques. At the same time, Neural Radiance Fields (NeRF) have introduced new possibilities for 3D scene…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Qi Zhang , He Wang , Ru Li , Wenbin Li

Recent progress in 4D implicit representation focuses on globally controlling the shape and motion with low dimensional latent vectors, which is prone to missing surface details and accumulating tracking error. While many deep local…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-19 Boyan Jiang , Xinlin Ren , Mingsong Dou , Xiangyang Xue , Yanwei Fu , Yinda Zhang

We present LoD-NeuS, an efficient neural representation for high-frequency geometry detail recovery and anti-aliased novel view rendering. Drawing inspiration from voxel-based representations with the level of detail (LoD), we introduce a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-20 Yiyu Zhuang , Qi Zhang , Ying Feng , Hao Zhu , Yao Yao , Xiaoyu Li , Yan-Pei Cao , Ying Shan , Xun Cao

Tokenization is a fundamental technique in the generative modeling of various modalities. In particular, it plays a critical role in autoregressive (AR) models, which have recently emerged as a compelling option for 3D generation. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Niladri Shekhar Dutt , Zifan Shi , Paul Guerrero , Chun-Hao Paul Huang , Duygu Ceylan , Niloy J. Mitra , Xuelin Chen

Recently, several approaches have emerged for generating neural representations with multiple levels of detail (LODs). LODs can improve the rendering by using lower resolutions and smaller model sizes when appropriate. However, existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-22 David Li , Brandon Y. Feng , Amitabh Varshney

Urban modeling is essential for city planning, scene synthesis, and gaming. Existing image-based methods generate diverse layouts but often lack geometric continuity and scalability, while graph-based methods capture structural relations…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Mengyuan Niu , Xinxin Zhuo , Ruizhe Wang , Yuyue Huang , Junyan Yang , Qiao Wang

Dense 3D reconstruction has many applications in automated driving including automated annotation validation, multimodal data augmentation, providing ground truth annotations for systems lacking LiDAR, as well as enhancing auto-labeling…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-13 Shihao Shen , Louis Kerofsky , Varun Ravi Kumar , Senthil Yogamani

The recent 3D Gaussian splatting (3D-GS) has shown remarkable rendering fidelity and efficiency compared to NeRF-based neural scene representations. While demonstrating the potential for real-time rendering, 3D-GS encounters rendering…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Kerui Ren , Lihan Jiang , Tao Lu , Mulin Yu , Linning Xu , Zhangkai Ni , Bo Dai

Building models capable of generating structured output is a key challenge for AI and robotics. While generative models have been explored on many types of data, little work has been done on synthesizing lidar scans, which play a key role…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-12-04 Lucas Caccia , Herke van Hoof , Aaron Courville , Joelle Pineau
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