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We propose a classification of BPS states in holographic CFTs into monotone and fortuitous, based on their behaviors in the large $N$ limit. Intuitively, monotone BPS states form infinite sequences with increasing rank $N$, while fortuitous…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-04-18 Chi-Ming Chang , Ying-Hsuan Lin

BPS states in holographic CFTs are usually classified into supergravitons, namely BPS fluctuations around empty AdS, and black-hole microstates, which appear above an energy threshold. In AdS$_3$/CFT$_2$, however, this picture is incomplete…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-04-23 Marcel R. R. Hughes , Kohei Jin , Daiki Matsumoto , Leon Miyahara , Masaki Shigemori

We reformulate the lifting problem in the D1-D5 CFT as a supercharge cohomology problem, and enumerate BPS states according to the fortuitous/monotone classification. Working in the deformed $T^4$ symmetric orbifold theory, we give precise…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-02-24 Chi-Ming Chang , Ying-Hsuan Lin , Haoyu Zhang

The BPS spectrum of AdS/CFT exhibits multi-gravitons at low energies, while having black hole states at higher energies. This can be studied concretely in AdS$_5$/CFT$_4$ in terms of classical cohomologies, even in the quantum regimes at…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-09-16 Sunjin Choi , Seok Kim , Eunwoo Lee , Jaemo Park

The BPS sector in AdS_3/CFT_2 duality has been fertile ground for the exploration of gauge/gravity duality, from the match between black hole entropy and the CFT elliptic genus to the construction of large families of geometrical…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-05-10 Emil J. Martinec , Stefano Massai , David Turton

Superstrata are bound states in string theory that carry D1, D5, and momentum charges, and whose supergravity descriptions are parameterized by arbitrary functions of (at least) two variables. In the D1-D5 CFT, typical three-charge states…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-08-04 Iosif Bena , Emil Martinec , David Turton , Nicholas P. Warner

We count the number of regular supersymmetric solutions in supergravity, called superstrata, that represent non-linear completion of linear fluctuations around empty AdS_3 x S^3. These solutions carry the same charges as the D1-D5-P black…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-10-08 Masaki Shigemori

We study a simple class of correlators with two heavy and two light operators both in the D1D5 CFT and in the dual AdS$_3 \times S^3 \times T^4$ description. On the CFT side we focus on the free orbifold point and discuss how these…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-10-12 Andrea Galliani , Stefano Giusto , Emanuele Moscato , Rodolfo Russo

We construct a new family of type IIB supergravity solutions corresponding to states of the D1-D5-P-KKm system that carry the same charges and energy as the non-extremal four-charge black hole and are asymptotic to AdS$_3 \times…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-11-12 Roberto Emparan , Pierre Heidmann

Using the general framework developed in hep-th/0607056, we study in detail the phase space of BPS Black Holes in AdS, for the case where all three electric charges are equal. Although these solitons are supersymmetric with zero Hawking…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2010-10-27 Pedro J. Silva

We determine, in two independent ways, the number of BPS quantum states arising from supergravity degrees of freedom in a system with fixed total D4D0 charge. First, we count states generated by quantizing the spacetime degrees of freedom…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2010-02-23 Jan de Boer , Sheer El-Showk , Ilies Messamah , Dieter Van den Bleeken

We construct an infinite family of smooth asymptotically-flat supergravity solutions that have the same charges and angular momenta as general supersymmetric D1-D5-P black holes, but have no horizon. These solutions resemble the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-02-07 Iosif Bena , Stefano Giusto , Emil J. Martinec , Rodolfo Russo , Masaki Shigemori , David Turton , Nicholas P. Warner

The entropy of the universe might decrease if black holes did not have entropy. Hawking's derivation of black hole temperature and the first law of thermodynamics suggest that black holes indeed have entropy. However, Einstein's classical…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-09-09 Siyul Lee

The quantum mechanics of $N$ slowly-moving BPS black holes in five dimensions is considered. A divergent continuum of states describing arbitrarily closely bound black holes with arbitrarily small excitation energies is found. A…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-31 Ruth Britto-Pacumio , Andrew Strominger , Anastasia Volovich

In [1] the horizon fluffs proposal is put forward to identify microstates of generic non-extremal three-dimensional Banados-Teitelboim-Zanelli (BTZ) black holes. The proposal is that black hole microstates, which were dubbed as horizon…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-02-15 M. M. Sheikh-Jabbari , H. Yavartanoo

Using the D1D5 CFT we investigate transitions involving a member of a certain class of states called superstrata states, which are holographically dual to certain smooth, horizonless, $1/8$-BPS, three-charge black hole microstates known as…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-02-26 Shaun D. Hampton

Non-supersymmetric black hole microstates are of great interest in the context of the black hole information paradox. We identify the holographic description of the general class of non-supersymmetric orbifolded D1-D5-P supergravity…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-12-09 Bidisha Chakrabarty , David Turton , Amitabh Virmani

We study the formation, detection and coarse-graining of black holes in AdS/CFT, with an emphasis on the tension between boundary unitarity and the production of mixed state Hawking radiation in the bulk. We construct CFT states dual to…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-02-23 Jan de Boer , Jildou Hollander , Andrew Rolph

We investigate finite-$N$ BPS cohomology in the D1--D5 CFT, focusing on the sector of fortuitous classes. Analyzing the supercharge cochain complexes in the $N=2$ and $N=3$ theories, we construct several explicit fortuitous classes. We…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-12-01 Chi-Ming Chang , Haoyu Zhang

We investigate degeneracies of BPS states of D-branes on compact Calabi-Yau manifolds. We develop a factorization formula for BPS indices using attractor flow trees associated to multicentered black hole bound states. This enables us to…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-26 Frederik Denef , Gregory W. Moore
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