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Time series generation (TSG) is widely used across domains, yet most existing methods assume regular sampling and fixed output resolutions. These assumptions are often violated in practice, where observations are irregular and sparse, while…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Xu Zhang , Junwei Deng , Chang Xu , Hao Li , Jiang Bian

Temporal non-stationarity, the phenomenon that time series distributions change over time, poses fundamental challenges to reliable time series forecasting. Intuitively, the complex time series can be decomposed into two factors, \ie…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Mingyuan Xia , Chunxu Zhang , Zijian Zhang , Hao Miao , Qidong Liu , Yuanshao Zhu , Bo Yang

We introduce a novel, practically relevant variation of the anomaly detection problem in multi-variate time series: intrinsic anomaly detection. It appears in diverse practical scenarios ranging from DevOps to IoT, where we want to…

Time-series forecasting is a challenging problem that traditionally requires specialized models custom-trained for the specific task at hand. Recently, inspired by the success of large language models, foundation models pre-trained on vast…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Yuanzhao Zhang , William Gilpin

Time series foundation models have demonstrated strong performance in zero-shot learning, making them well-suited for predicting rapidly evolving patterns in real-world applications where relevant training data are scarce. However, most of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Haoyu Ma , Yushu Chen , Wenlai Zhao , Jinzhe Yang , Yingsheng Ji , Xinghua Xu , Xiaozhu Liu , Hao Jing , Shengzhuo Liu , Guangwen Yang

Implementing large language models (LLMs)-driven root cause analysis (RCA) in cloud-native systems has become a key topic of modern software operations and maintenance. However, existing LLM-based approaches face three key challenges:…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Xiao Zhang , Qi Wang , Mingyi Li , Yuan Yuan , Mengbai Xiao , Fuzhen Zhuang , Dongxiao Yu

Real-world time series data are inherently multivariate, often exhibiting complex inter-channel dependencies. Each channel is typically sampled at its own period and is prone to missing values due to various practical and operational…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Jinkwan Jang , Hyungjin Park , Jinmyeong Choi , Taesup Kim

3D vision foundation models have shown strong generalization in reconstructing key 3D attributes from uncalibrated images through a single feed-forward pass. However, when deployed in online settings such as driving scenarios, predictions…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Fengyi Zhang , Tianjun Zhang , Kasra Khosoussi , Zheng Zhang , Zi Huang , Yadan Luo

Diffusion models have shown great promise in data generation, yet generating time series data remains challenging due to the need to capture complex temporal dependencies and structural patterns. In this paper, we present \textit{TSGDiff},…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Lifeng Shen , Xuyang Li , Lele Long

Unlike natural language processing and computer vision, the development of Foundation Models (FMs) for time series forecasting is blocked due to data scarcity. While recent efforts are focused on building such FMs by unlocking the potential…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Qingxiang Liu , Xu Liu , Chenghao Liu , Qingsong Wen , Yuxuan Liang

Wearable human activity recognition (WHAR) models often suffer from performance degradation under real-world cross-user distribution shifts. Test-time adaptation (TTA) mitigates this degradation by adapting models online using unlabeled…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Zishu Zhou , Zaipeng Xie , Xuanyao Jie

Traffic forecasting based network operation optimization and management offers enormous promise but also presents significant challenges from traffic forecasting perspective. While deep learning models have proven to be relatively more…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Zhihang Yuan , Leyang Xue , Waleed Ahsan , Mahesh K. Marina

Time series forecasting plays a crucial role in various applications, particularly in healthcare, where accurate predictions of future health trajectories can significantly impact clinical decision-making. Ensuring transparency and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Jeremy Qin

Test-time adaptation (TTA) fine-tunes pre-trained deep neural networks for unseen test data. The primary challenge of TTA is limited access to the entire test dataset during online updates, causing error accumulation. To mitigate it, TTA…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Jonghyun Lee , Dahuin Jung , Saehyung Lee , Junsung Park , Juhyeon Shin , Uiwon Hwang , Sungroh Yoon

In this paper, we introduce TimeGPT, the first foundation model for time series, capable of generating accurate predictions for diverse datasets not seen during training. We evaluate our pre-trained model against established statistical,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Azul Garza , Cristian Challu , Max Mergenthaler-Canseco

Multivariate time series are ubiquitous objects in signal processing. Measuring a distance or similarity between two such objects is of prime interest in a variety of applications, including machine learning, but can be very difficult as…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-11-02 Titouan Vayer , Romain Tavenard , Laetitia Chapel , Nicolas Courty , Rémi Flamary , Yann Soullard

Recent studies have indicated that vision models pre-trained on images can serve as time series foundation models (TSFMs) by reformulating time series forecasting (TSF) as image reconstruction. However, effective cross-modal transfer from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Lefei Shen , Mouxiang Chen , Xu Liu , Han Fu , Xiaoxue Ren , Jianling Sun , Zhuo Li , Chenghao Liu

Finding effective representations for time series data is a useful but challenging task. Several works utilize self-supervised or unsupervised learning methods to address this. However, there still remains the open question of how to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Yuansan Liu , Sudanthi Wijewickrema , Christofer Bester , Stephen O'Leary , James Bailey

The Topics over Time (ToT) model captures thematic changes in timestamped datasets by explicitly modeling publication dates jointly with word co-occurrence patterns. However, ToT was not approached in a fully Bayesian fashion, a flaw that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Julián Cendrero , Julio Gonzalo , Ivar Zapata

While Transformers have revolutionized machine learning on various data, existing Transformers for temporal graphs face limitations in (1) restricted receptive fields, (2) overhead of subgraph extraction, and (3) suboptimal generalization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Kay Liu , Jiahao Ding , MohamadAli Torkamani , Philip S. Yu