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Gradient descent is a fundamental algorithm in both theory and practice for continuous optimization. Identifying its quantum counterpart would be appealing to both theoretical and practical quantum applications. A conventional approach to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-03 Jiaqi Leng , Ethan Hickman , Joseph Li , Xiaodi Wu

Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) and its variants underpin modern machine learning by enabling efficient optimization of large-scale models. However, their local search nature limits exploration in complex landscapes. In this paper, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-22 Sirui Peng , Shengminjie Chen , Xiaoming Sun , Hongyi Zhou

We propose Quantum Riemannian Hamiltonian Descent (QRHD), a quantum algorithm for continuous optimization on Riemannian manifolds that extends Quantum Hamiltonian Descent (QHD) by incorporating geometric structure of the parameter space via…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-31 Yoshihiko Abe , Ryo Nagai

Non-smooth optimization models play a fundamental role in various disciplines, including engineering, science, management, and finance. However, classical algorithms for solving such models often struggle with convergence speed,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-03-21 Jiaqi Leng , Yufan Zheng , Zhiyuan Jia , Lei Fan , Chaoyue Zhao , Yuxiang Peng , Xiaodi Wu

Quantum Hamiltonian Descent (QHD) is a continuous optimization algorithm based on simulating a time-dependent quantum Hamiltonian whose potential energy encodes the objective function and whose kinetic energy promotes exploration through…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-13 Zeguan Wu , Mingze Li , Muqing Zheng , Meng Wang , Junyu Liu , Samuel Stein , Ang Li , Yousu Chen , Chenxu Liu

Optimization problems in disciplines such as machine learning are commonly solved with iterative methods. Gradient descent algorithms find local minima by moving along the direction of steepest descent while Newton's method takes into…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-08-20 Patrick Rebentrost , Maria Schuld , Leonard Wossnig , Francesco Petruccione , Seth Lloyd

We explore the potential for quantum speedups in convex optimization using discrete simulations of the Quantum Hamiltonian Descent (QHD) framework, as proposed by Leng et al., and establish the first rigorous query complexity bounds. We…

Hybrid classical quantum optimization methods have become an important tool for efficiently solving problems in the current generation of NISQ computers. These methods use an optimization algorithm executed in a classical computer, fed with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-02 J. Gidi , B. Candia , A. D. Muñoz-Moller , A. Rojas , L. Pereira , M. Muñoz , L. Zambrano , A. Delgado

Accelerating the convergence of second-order optimization, particularly Newton-type methods, remains a pivotal challenge in algorithmic research. In this paper, we extend previous work on the \textbf{Quadratic Gradient (QG)} and rigorously…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-01 John Chiang

A broad class of hybrid quantum-classical algorithms known as "variational algorithms" have been proposed in the context of quantum simulation, machine learning, and combinatorial optimization as a means of potentially achieving a quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-04-09 Aram Harrow , John Napp

Variational quantum algorithms, optimized using gradient-based methods, often exhibit sub-optimal convergence performance due to their dependence on Euclidean geometry. Quantum natural gradient descent (QNGD) is a more efficient method that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-05 Mohammad Aamir Sohail , Mohsen Heidari , S. Sandeep Pradhan

Quantum federated learning (QFL) is a quantum extension of the classical federated learning model across multiple local quantum devices. An efficient optimization algorithm is always expected to minimize the communication overhead among…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-15 Jun Qi , Xiao-Lei Zhang , Javier Tejedor

In this paper, we identify a family of nonconvex continuous optimization instances, each $d$-dimensional instance with $2^d$ local minima, to demonstrate a quantum-classical performance separation. Specifically, we prove that the recently…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-03 Jiaqi Leng , Yufan Zheng , Xiaodi Wu

Nonlinear programming (NLP) plays a critical role in domains such as power energy systems, chemical engineering, communication networks, and financial engineering. However, solving large-scale, nonconvex NLP problems remains a significant…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-08-06 Mingze Li , Lei Fan , Zhu Han

We propose a family of optimization methods that achieve linear convergence using first-order gradient information and constant step sizes on a class of convex functions much larger than the smooth and strongly convex ones. This larger…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-09-14 Chris J. Maddison , Daniel Paulin , Yee Whye Teh , Brendan O'Donoghue , Arnaud Doucet

Variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) represent a promising approach to utilizing current quantum computing infrastructures. VQAs are based on a parameterized quantum circuit optimized in a closed loop via a classical algorithm. This hybrid…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-10 David Fitzek , Robert S. Jonsson , Werner Dobrautz , Christian Schäfer

We present a quantum algorithm for finding the minimum of a function based on multistep quantum computation and apply it for optimization problems with continuous variables, in which the variables of the problem are discretized to form the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-03 Hefeng Wang , Hua Xiang

High-dimensional portfolio optimization faces significant computational challenges under complex constraints, with traditional optimization methods struggling to balance convergence speed and global exploration capability. To address this,…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Mingyang Yu , Jiaqi Zhang , Haorui Yang , Adam Slowik , Jun Zhang , Jing Xu

Simulating the time evolution of a physical system at quantum mechanical levels of detail -- known as Hamiltonian Simulation (HS) -- is an important and interesting problem across physics and chemistry. For this task, algorithms that run on…

Constrained optimization plays a crucial role in the fields of quantum physics and quantum information science and becomes especially challenging for high-dimensional complex structure problems. One specific issue is that of quantum process…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-30 Daniel Volya , Andrey Nikitin , Prabhat Mishra
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