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Transformer-based architectures have shown remarkable performance in vision and language tasks but pose unique challenges for safety-critical applications. This paper presents a conceptual framework for integrating Transformers into…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Sven Kirchner , Nils Purschke , Chengdong Wu , Alois Knoll

Humans are excellent at understanding language and vision to accomplish a wide range of tasks. In contrast, creating general instruction-following embodied agents remains a difficult challenge. Prior work that uses pure language-only models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Hao Liu , Lisa Lee , Kimin Lee , Pieter Abbeel

AI-communication integration is widely regarded as a core enabling technology for 6G. Most existing AI-based physical-layer designs rely on task-specific models that are separately tailored to individual modules, resulting in poor…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-19 Xiang Cheng , Boxun Liu , Xuanyu Liu , Xuesong Cai

Large AI models, or foundation models, are models recently emerging with massive scales both parameter-wise and data-wise, the magnitudes of which can reach beyond billions. Once pretrained, large AI models demonstrate impressive…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Jianing Qiu , Lin Li , Jiankai Sun , Jiachuan Peng , Peilun Shi , Ruiyang Zhang , Yinzhao Dong , Kyle Lam , Frank P. -W. Lo , Bo Xiao , Wu Yuan , Ningli Wang , Dong Xu , Benny Lo

We survey applications of pretrained foundation models in robotics. Traditional deep learning models in robotics are trained on small datasets tailored for specific tasks, which limits their adaptability across diverse applications. In…

This paper surveys foundation models for AI-enabled biological design, focusing on recent developments in applying large-scale, self-supervised models to tasks such as protein engineering, small molecule design, and genomic sequence design.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Asher Moldwin , Amarda Shehu

Multimodal models are expected to be a critical component to future advances in artificial intelligence. This field is starting to grow rapidly with a surge of new design elements motivated by the success of foundation models in natural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Sai Munikoti , Ian Stewart , Sameera Horawalavithana , Henry Kvinge , Tegan Emerson , Sandra E Thompson , Karl Pazdernik

Foundation models have revolutionized artificial intelligence, setting new benchmarks in performance and enabling transformative capabilities across a wide range of vision and language tasks. However, despite the prevalence of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Adam Goodge , Wee Siong Ng , Bryan Hooi , See Kiong Ng

This paper reviews the current development of artificial intelligence (AI) techniques for the application area of robot communication. The study of the control and operation of multiple robots collaboratively toward a common goal is fast…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-05-01 S. H. Alsamhi , Ou Ma , M. S. Ansari

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs), particularly those built on Transformer architectures, have significantly broadened the scope of natural language processing (NLP) applications, transcending their initial use in chatbot…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Chen Wang , Jin Zhao , Jiaqi Gong

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has made incredible progress recently. On the one hand, advanced foundation models like ChatGPT can offer powerful conversation, in-context learning and code generation abilities on a broad range of open-domain…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-03-30 Yaobo Liang , Chenfei Wu , Ting Song , Wenshan Wu , Yan Xia , Yu Liu , Yang Ou , Shuai Lu , Lei Ji , Shaoguang Mao , Yun Wang , Linjun Shou , Ming Gong , Nan Duan

Modern Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems excel at diverse tasks, from image classification to strategy games, even outperforming humans in many of these domains. After making astounding progress in language learning in the recent decade,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-11 Marina Dubova

Artificial intelligence (AI) has achieved remarkable breakthroughs in a wide range of fields, ranging from speech processing, image classification to drug discovery. This is driven by the explosive growth of data, advances in machine…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Yuanming Shi , Kai Yang , Tao Jiang , Jun Zhang , Khaled B. Letaief

Graph-structured data pervades domains such as social networks, biological systems, knowledge graphs, and recommender systems. While foundation models have transformed natural language processing, vision, and multimodal learning through…

The development of large-scale artificial intelligence (AI) models is influencing neuroscience research by enabling end-to-end learning from raw brain signals and neural data. In this paper, we review applications of large-scale AI models…

Prior to the era of artificial intelligence and big data, wireless communications primarily followed a conventional research route involving problem analysis, model building and calibration, algorithm design and tuning, and holistic and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-27 Shixiong Wang , Geoffrey Ye Li

There is an urgent reflection on traditional nonlinear signal processing methods in communications before Artificial Intelligence (AI) dominates the field. It implies a need to reassess or reinterpret established theories and tools,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-05 Ana Pérez-Neira , Marc Martinez-Gost , Miguel Ángel Lagunas

Artificial Intelligence (AI) agents have rapidly evolved from specialized, rule-based programs to versatile, learning-driven autonomous systems capable of perception, reasoning, and action in complex environments. The explosion of data,…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have delivered impressive results in language understanding, generation, reasoning, and pushes the ability boundary of multimodal models. Transformer models, as the foundation of modern LLMs, offer a strong…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Weigao Sun , Jiaxi Hu , Yucheng Zhou , Jusen Du , Disen Lan , Kexin Wang , Tong Zhu , Xiaoye Qu , Yu Zhang , Xiaoyu Mo , Daizong Liu , Yuxuan Liang , Wenliang Chen , Guoqi Li , Yu Cheng

We analyze the ability of pre-trained language models to transfer knowledge among datasets annotated with different type systems and to generalize beyond the domain and dataset they were trained on. We create a meta task, over multiple…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-16 Jaromir Savelka , Hannes Westermann , Karim Benyekhlef