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Related papers: AdaKWS: Towards Robust Keyword Spotting with Test-…

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One fascinating aspect of pre-trained Audio-Language Models (ALMs) learning is their impressive zero-shot generalization capability and test-time adaptation (TTA) methods aiming to improve domain performance without annotations. However,…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Gongyu Chen , Haomin Zhang , Chaofan Ding , Zihao Chen , Xinhan Di

Keyword spotting and in particular Wake-Up-Word (WUW) detection is a very important task for voice assistants. A very common issue of voice assistants is that they get easily activated by background noise like music, TV or background speech…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-01 David Bonet , Guillermo Cámbara , Fernando López , Pablo Gómez , Carlos Segura , Jordi Luque

Despite progress in end-to-end ASR, real-world domain mismatches still cause performance drops, which Test-Time Adaptation (TTA) aims to mitigate by adjusting models during inference. Recent work explores combining TTA with external…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Wei-Ping Huang , Guan-Ting Lin , Hung-yi Lee

Acoustic-to-word (A2W) models that allow direct mapping from acoustic signals to word sequences are an appealing approach to end-to-end automatic speech recognition due to their simplicity. However, prior works have shown that modelling A2W…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-05-17 Thai-Son Nguyen , Sebastian Stueker , Alex Waibel

Speech Foundation Models encounter significant performance degradation when deployed in real-world scenarios involving acoustic domain shifts, such as background noise and speaker accents. Test-time adaptation (TTA) has recently emerged as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Jiaheng Dong , Hong Jia , Soumyajit Chatterjee , Abhirup Ghosh , James Bailey , Ting Dang

Voice-based interfaces rely on a wake-up word mechanism to initiate communication with devices. However, achieving a robust, energy-efficient, and fast detection remains a challenge. This paper addresses these real production needs by…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-10-18 Fernando López , Jordi Luque , Carlos Segura , Pablo Gómez

Token-based text-to-speech (TTS) models have emerged as a promising avenue for generating natural and realistic speech, yet they grapple with low pronunciation accuracy, speaking style and timbre inconsistency, and a substantial need for…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Chunhui Wang , Chang Zeng , Bowen Zhang , Ziyang Ma , Yefan Zhu , Zifeng Cai , Jian Zhao , Zhonglin Jiang , Yong Chen

Auto-KWS 2021 challenge calls for automated machine learning (AutoML) solutions to automate the process of applying machine learning to a customized keyword spotting task. Compared with other keyword spotting tasks, Auto-KWS challenge has…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-04-02 Jingsong Wang , Yuxuan He , Chunyu Zhao , Qijie Shao , Wei-Wei Tu , Tom Ko , Hung-yi Lee , Lei Xie

Audio-only-based wake word spotting (WWS) is challenging under noisy conditions due to environmental interference in signal transmission. In this paper, we investigate on designing a compact audio-visual WWS system by utilizing visual…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-02-18 Hengshun Zhou , Jun Du , Chao-Han Huck Yang , Shifu Xiong , Chin-Hui Lee

Contextual biasing is essential to improving the recognition of rare and domain-specific words in an automatic speech recognition (ASR) system. While numerous methods have been proposed in recent years, most of them focus on offline…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-20 Kai-Chen Tsai , Tien-Hong Lo , Yun-Ting Sun , Berlin Chen

Keyword spotting is often implemented by keyword classifier to the encoder in acoustic models, enabling the classification of predefined or open vocabulary keywords. Although keyword spotting is a crucial task in various applications and…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Myeonghoon Ryu , June-Woo Kim , Minseok Oh , Suji Lee , Han Park

Test time adaptation (TTA) aims to adapt deep neural networks when receiving out of distribution test domain samples. In this setting, the model can only access online unlabeled test samples and pre-trained models on the training domains.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Shuai Wang , Daoan Zhang , Zipei Yan , Jianguo Zhang , Rui Li

Acoustics-to-word models are end-to-end speech recognizers that use words as targets without relying on pronunciation dictionaries or graphemes. These models are notoriously difficult to train due to the lack of linguistic knowledge. It is…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-11-14 Hao Tang , James Glass

Open-vocabulary keyword spotting (KWS) in continuous speech streams holds significant practical value across a wide range of real-world applications. While increasing attention has been paid to the role of different modalities in KWS, their…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Kewei Li , Yinan Zhong , Xiaotao Liang , Tianchi Dai , Shaofei Xue

On-device adapting to continual, unpredictable domain shifts is essential for mobile applications like autonomous driving and augmented reality to deliver seamless user experiences in evolving environments. Test-time adaptation (TTA)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Cheng Fang , Sicong Liu , Zimu Zhou , Bin Guo , Jiaqi Tang , Ke Ma , Zhiwen Yu

We explore Neural Networks (NNs) for keyword spotting (KWS) on IoT devices like smart speakers and wearables. Since we target to execute our NN on a constrained memory and computation footprint, we propose a CNN design that. (i) uses a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-05 Rakesh Dhakshinamurthy

We use dynamic time warping (DTW) as supervision for training a convolutional neural network (CNN) based keyword spotting system using a small set of spoken isolated keywords. The aim is to allow rapid deployment of a keyword spotting…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-06-26 Raghav Menon , Herman Kamper , John Quinn , Thomas Niesler

Attention based neural TTS is elegant speech synthesis pipeline and has shown a powerful ability to generate natural speech. However, it is still not robust enough to meet the stability requirements for industrial products. Besides, it…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-03 Qiao Tian , Zewang Zhang , Chao Liu , Heng Lu , Linghui Chen , Bin Wei , Pujiang He , Shan Liu

Recent advancements in Text-to-Speech (TTS) models, particularly in voice cloning, have intensified the demand for adaptable and efficient deepfake detection methods. As TTS systems continue to evolve, detection models must be able to…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Neta Glazer , David Chernin , Idan Achituve , Sharon Gannot , Ethan Fetaya

The expanding feature set of modern headphones puts a challenge on the design of their control interface. Users may want to separately control each feature or quickly switch between modes that activate different features. Traditional…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-04 Qiaoyu Yang