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Neurosymbolic approaches leveraging Large Language Models (LLMs) with formal methods have recently achieved strong results on mathematics-oriented theorem-proving benchmarks. However, success on competition-style mathematics does not by…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Balaji Rao , John Harrison , Soonho Kong , Juneyoung Lee , Carlo Lipizzi

Hoare-style program logics are a popular and effective technique for software verification. Relational program logics are an instance of this approach that enables reasoning about relationships between the execution of two or more programs.…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2022-09-09 Robert Dickerson , Qianchuan Ye , Michael K. Zhang , Benjamin Delaware

Formal verification provides strong guarantees of correctness of software, which are especially important in safety or security critical systems. Hoare logic is a widely used formalism for rigorous verification of software against…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2021-03-11 Jayaraj Poroor

Relational program verification is a variant of program verification where one can reason about two programs and as a special case about two executions of a single program on different inputs. Relational program verification can be used for…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2019-10-23 Alejandro Aguirre , Gilles Barthe , Marco Gaboardi , Deepak Garg , Pierre-Yves Strub

In relational verification, judicious alignment of computational steps facilitates proof of relations between programs using simple relational assertions. Relational Hoare logics (RHL) provide compositional rules that embody various…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-07-21 Anindya Banerjee , Ramana Nagasamudram , David A. Naumann

Verifying a real-world program's functional correctness can be decomposed into (1) a refinement proof showing that the program implements a more abstract high-level program and (2) an algorithm correctness proof at the high level.…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Shushu Wu , Xiwei Wu , Qinxiang Cao

Relational Hoare logics extend the applicability of modular, deductive verification to encompass important 2-run properties including dependency requirements such as confidentiality and program relations such as equivalence or similarity…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-07-19 David A. Naumann

High-level synthesis (HLS) is a powerful tool for developing efficient hardware accelerators that rely on specialized memory systems to achieve sufficient on-chip data reuse and off-chip bandwidth utilization. However, even with HLS,…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Izumi Tanaka , Ken Sakayori , Shinya Takamaeda-Yamazaki , Naoki Kobayashi

Previously, gradual verification has been developed using overapproximating logics such as Hoare logic. We show that the static verification component of gradual verification is also connected to underapproximating logics like incorrectness…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Conrad Zimmerman , Jenna DiVincenzo

Dynamically typed object-oriented languages enable programmers to write elegant, reusable and extensible programs. However, with the current methodology for program verification, the absence of static type information creates significant…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2015-01-13 Björn Engelmann , Ernst-Rüdiger Olderog , Nils Erik Flick

Hoare-style verification provides a principled foundation for reasoning about the correctness of quantum programs, but existing approaches do not allow fully automatic verification. While automata-based verification scales well when…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Wei-Lun Tsai , Yu-Fang Chen , Ondřej Lengál

Relational properties arise in many settings: relating two versions of a program that use different data representations, noninterference properties for security, etc. The main ingredient of relational verification, relating aligned pairs…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2016-11-29 Anindya Banerjee , David A. Naumann , Mohammad Nikouei

Designing scalable concurrent objects, which can be efficiently used on multicore processors, often requires one to abandon standard specification techniques, such as linearizability, in favor of more relaxed consistency requirements.…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2016-07-22 Ilya Sergey , Aleksandar Nanevski , Anindya Banerjee , German Andres Delbianco

Relational verification encompasses information flow security, regression verification, translation validation for compilers, and more. Effective alignment of the programs and computations to be related facilitates use of simpler relational…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-03-27 Timos Antonopoulos , Eric Koskinen , Ton Chanh Le , Ramana Nagasamudram , David A. Naumann , Minh Ngo

We propose a general framework to allow: (a) specifying the operational semantics of a programming language; and (b) stating and proving properties about program correctness. Our framework is based on a many-sorted system of hybrid modal…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Ioana Leustean , Natalia Moanga , Traian Florin Serbanuta

Recently, authors have proposed under-approximate logics for reasoning about programs. So far, all such logics have been confined to reasoning about individual program behaviours. Yet there exist many over-approximate relational logics for…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-03-12 Toby Murray

Mechanized verification of liveness properties for infinite programs with effects and nondeterminism is challenging. Existing temporal reasoning frameworks operate at the level of models such as traces and automata. Reasoning happens at a…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Eleftherios Ioannidis , Yannick Zakowski , Steve Zdancewic , Sebastian Angel

This paper explores the use of relational symbolic execution to counter timing side channels in WebAssembly programs. We design and implement Vivienne, an open-source tool to automatically analyze WebAssembly cryptographic libraries for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-09-06 Rodothea Myrsini Tsoupidi , Musard Balliu , Benoit Baudry

We present simple new Hoare logics and refinement calculi for hybrid systems in the style of differential dynamic logic. (Refinement) Kleene algebra with tests is used for reasoning about the program structure and generating verification…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-10-31 Simon Foster , Jonathan Julián Huerta y Munive , Georg Struth

We present a generic framework that facilitates object level reasoning with logics that are encoded within the Higher Order Logic theorem proving environment of HOL Light. This involves proving statements in any logic using intuitive…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-01-12 Petros Papapanagiotou , Jacques Fleuriot
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