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Recently, multimodal contrastive learning (MMCL) approaches, such as CLIP, have achieved a remarkable success in learning representations that are robust against distribution shift and generalize to new domains. Despite the empirical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Yihao Xue , Siddharth Joshi , Dang Nguyen , Baharan Mirzasoleiman

Traditional supervised learning methods are hitting a bottleneck because of their dependency on expensive manually labeled data and their weaknesses such as limited generalization ability and vulnerability to adversarial attacks. A…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-08 Ran Liu

Unsupervised learning is a challenging task due to the lack of labels. Multiple Object Tracking (MOT), which inevitably suffers from mutual object interference, occlusion, etc., is even more difficult without label supervision. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Sha Meng , Dian Shao , Jiacheng Guo , Shan Gao

Continual learning (CL) involves acquiring and accumulating knowledge from evolving tasks while alleviating catastrophic forgetting. Recently, leveraging contrastive loss to construct more transferable and less forgetful representations has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Jia Tang , Xinrui Wang , Songcan Chen

State-of-the-art model for zero-shot cross-lingual spoken language understanding performs cross-lingual unsupervised contrastive learning to achieve the label-agnostic semantic alignment between each utterance and its code-switched data.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-13 Bowen Xing , Ivor W. Tsang

One of the objectives of continual learning is to prevent catastrophic forgetting in learning multiple tasks sequentially, and the existing solutions have been driven by the conceptualization of the plasticity-stability dilemma. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Seungyub Han , Yeongmo Kim , Taehyun Cho , Jungwoo Lee

Contrastive learning (CL) has recently emerged as an effective approach to learning representation in a range of downstream tasks. Central to this approach is the selection of positive (similar) and negative (dissimilar) sets to provide the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-25 Anh Bui , Trung Le , He Zhao , Paul Montague , Seyit Camtepe , Dinh Phung

Contrastive learning (CL) methods effectively learn data representations in a self-supervision manner, where the encoder contrasts each positive sample over multiple negative samples via a one-vs-many softmax cross-entropy loss. By…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-16 Huangjie Zheng , Xu Chen , Jiangchao Yao , Hongxia Yang , Chunyuan Li , Ya Zhang , Hao Zhang , Ivor Tsang , Jingren Zhou , Mingyuan Zhou

A key challenge for machine intelligence is to learn new visual concepts without forgetting the previously acquired knowledge. Continual learning is aimed towards addressing this challenge. However, there is a gap between existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-01 Yan Luo , Yongkang Wong , Mohan Kankanhalli , Qi Zhao

The pre-training for language models captures general language understanding but fails to distinguish the affective impact of a particular context to a specific word. Recent works have sought to introduce contrastive learning (CL) for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-06 Jin Wang , Liang-Chih Yu , Xuejie Zhang

The field of generating recommendations within the framework of causal inference has seen a recent surge, with recommendations being likened to treatments. This approach enhances insights into the influence of recommendations on user…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Guanglin Zhou , Chengkai Huang , Xiaocong Chen , Xiwei Xu , Chen Wang , Liming Zhu , Lina Yao

Recent years have witnessed many successful applications of contrastive learning in diverse domains, yet its self-supervised version still remains many exciting challenges. As the negative samples are drawn from unlabeled datasets, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-01 Bin Liu , Bang Wang , Tianrui Li

Disease diagnosis from medical images via supervised learning is usually dependent on tedious, error-prone, and costly image labeling by medical experts. Alternatively, semi-supervised learning and self-supervised learning offer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-14 Attiano Purpura-Pontoniere , Demetri Terzopoulos , Adam Wang , Abdullah-Al-Zubaer Imran

Deep learning has demonstrated significant improvements in medical image segmentation using a sufficiently large amount of training data with manual labels. Acquiring well-representative labels requires expert knowledge and exhaustive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-15 Jinxi Xiang , Zhuowei Li , Wenji Wang , Qing Xia , Shaoting Zhang

Contrastive Learning (CL) has been successfully applied to classification and other downstream tasks related to concrete concepts, such as objects contained in the ImageNet dataset. No attempts seem to have been made so far in applying this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Daniel N. Nissani

Continual learning aims to improve the ability of modern learning systems to deal with non-stationary distributions, typically by attempting to learn a series of tasks sequentially. Prior art in the field has largely considered supervised…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-01 Dushyant Rao , Francesco Visin , Andrei A. Rusu , Yee Whye Teh , Razvan Pascanu , Raia Hadsell

A data augmentation module is utilized in contrastive learning to transform the given data example into two views, which is considered essential and irreplaceable. However, the predetermined composition of multiple data augmentations brings…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-23 Junbo Zhang , Kaisheng Ma

Recently, as an effective way of learning latent representations, contrastive learning has been increasingly popular and successful in various domains. The success of constrastive learning in single-label classifications motivates us to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-27 Son D. Dao , Ethan Zhao , Dinh Phung , Jianfei Cai

Most Neural Networks (NNs) for classification are trained using Cross-Entropy as a loss function. This approach requires the model to have an explicit classification layer. However, there exist alternative approaches, such as Contrastive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Leonardo Arrighi , Julia Eva Belloni , Aurélie Gallet , Ivan Gentile , Matteo Lippi , Marco Zullich

Contrastive learning (CL) has shown impressive advances in image representation learning in whichever supervised multi-class classification or unsupervised learning. However, these CL methods fail to be directly adapted to multi-label image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-07 Zhongchen Ma , Lisha Li , Qirong Mao , Songcan Chen