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Conformal prediction is a distribution-free technique for establishing valid prediction intervals. Although conventionally people conduct conformal prediction in the output space, this is not the only possibility. In this paper, we propose…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-11 Jiaye Teng , Chuan Wen , Dinghuai Zhang , Yoshua Bengio , Yang Gao , Yang Yuan

Conformal prediction (CP) quantifies the uncertainty of machine learning models by constructing sets of plausible outputs. These sets are constructed by leveraging a so-called conformity score, a quantity computed using the input point of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-02-07 Michal Klein , Louis Bethune , Eugene Ndiaye , Marco Cuturi

Non-parametric machine learning models, such as random forests and gradient boosted trees, are frequently used to estimate house prices due to their predictive accuracy, but a main drawback of such methods is their limited ability to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-01-31 Anders Hjort , Gudmund Horn Hermansen , Johan Pensar , Jonathan P. Williams

Deep learning models in robotics often output point estimates with poorly calibrated confidences, offering no native mechanism to quantify predictive reliability under novel, noisy, or out-of-distribution inputs. Conformal prediction (CP)…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Divake Kumar , Sina Tayebati , Francesco Migliarba , Ranganath Krishnan , Amit Ranjan Trivedi

In this paper, we present a novel perceptual consistency perspective on video semantic segmentation, which can capture both temporal consistency and pixel-wise correctness. Given two nearby video frames, perceptual consistency measures how…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Yizhe Zhang , Shubhankar Borse , Hong Cai , Ying Wang , Ning Bi , Xiaoyun Jiang , Fatih Porikli

In this work, we present a multiscale kinetic framework for consensus-based image segmentation. By interpreting an image as a system of interacting particles, each pixel is characterised by its spatial position and an internal feature…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Horacio Tettamanti , Giulia Guicciardi , Mattia Zanella

Semantic image segmentation is a principal problem in computer vision, where the aim is to correctly classify each individual pixel of an image into a semantic label. Its widespread use in many areas, including medical imaging and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-08-16 Vladimir Nekrasov , Janghoon Ju , Jaesik Choi

Image harmonization is a crucial technique in image composition that aims to seamlessly match the background by adjusting the foreground of composite images. Current methods adopt either global-level or pixel-level feature matching.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-21 Haoxing Chen , Yaohui Li , Zhangxuan Gu , Zhuoer Xu , Jun Lan , Huaxiong Li

Conformal prediction, a post-hoc, distribution-free, finite-sample method of uncertainty quantification that offers formal coverage guarantees under the assumption of data exchangeability. Unfortunately, the resulting uncertainty regions…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Nikolaos Bousias , Lars Lindemann , George Pappas

Reliable confidence measures of metrics derived from medical imaging reconstruction pipelines would improve the standard of decision-making in many clinical workflows. Conformal Prediction (CP) provides a robust framework for producing…

Face segmentation is the task of densely labeling pixels on the face according to their semantics. While current methods place an emphasis on developing sophisticated architectures, use conditional random fields for smoothness, or rather…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-31 Iacopo Masi , Joe Mathai , Wael AbdAlmageed

Conformal prediction (CP) is a powerful framework for quantifying uncertainty in machine learning models, offering reliable predictions with finite-sample coverage guarantees. When applied to classification, CP produces a prediction set of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Floris den Hengst , Inès Blin , Majid Mohammadi , Syed Ihtesham Hussain Shah , Taraneh Younesian

Recent advances in self-supervised contrastive learning yield good image-level representation, which favors classification tasks but usually neglects pixel-level detailed information, leading to unsatisfactory transfer performance to dense…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-10 Feng Wang , Huiyu Wang , Chen Wei , Alan Yuille , Wei Shen

Unlike conventional zero-shot classification, zero-shot semantic segmentation predicts a class label at the pixel level instead of the image level. When solving zero-shot semantic segmentation problems, the need for pixel-level prediction…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-31 Jiaxin Cheng , Soumyaroop Nandi , Prem Natarajan , Wael Abd-Almageed

We develop confidence sets which provide spatial uncertainty guarantees for the output of a black-box machine learning model designed for image segmentation. To do so we adapt conformal inference to the imaging setting, obtaining thresholds…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-10-10 Samuel Davenport

Conformal Prediction (CP) is a popular method for uncertainty quantification with machine learning models. While conformal prediction provides probabilistic guarantees regarding the coverage of the true label, these guarantees are agnostic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Aditya T. Vadlamani , Anutam Srinivasan , Pranav Maneriker , Ali Payani , Srinivasan Parthasarathy

Data-driven surrogate models offer quick approximations to complex numerical and experimental systems but typically lack uncertainty quantification, limiting their reliability in safety-critical applications. While Bayesian methods provide…

Conformal Prediction (CP) serves as a robust framework that quantifies uncertainty in predictions made by Machine Learning (ML) models. Unlike traditional point predictors, CP generates statistically valid prediction regions, also known as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-29 A. A. Balinsky , A. D. Balinsky

Spectral Clustering(SC) is a prominent data clustering technique of recent times which has attracted much attention from researchers. It is a highly data-driven method and makes no strict assumptions on the structure of the data to be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-18 Lalith Srikanth Chintalapati , Raghunatha Sarma Rachakonda

Semantic segmentation consists of predicting a semantic label for each image pixel. While existing deep learning approaches achieve high accuracy, they often overlook the ordinal relationships between classes, which can provide critical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Ricardo P. M. Cruz , Rafael Cristino , Jaime S. Cardoso