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Deep neural networks have enabled researchers to create powerful generalized frameworks, such as transformers, that can be used to solve well-studied problems in various application domains, such as text and image. However, such generalized…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Rudrajit Dawn , Madhusudan Ghosh , Partha Basuchowdhuri , Sudip Kumar Naskar

Graph neural networks (GNNs) are widely used in domains like social networks and biological systems. However, the locality assumption of GNNs, which limits information exchange to neighboring nodes, hampers their ability to capture…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Tingting Dan , Jiaqi Ding , Ziquan Wei , Shahar Z Kovalsky , Minjeong Kim , Won Hwa Kim , Guorong Wu

Explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) is an important area in the AI community, and interpretability is crucial for building robust and trustworthy AI models. While previous work has explored model-level and instance-level explainable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Xudong Wang , Ziheng Sun , Chris Ding , Jicong Fan

Similarly to other connectionist models, Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) lack transparency in their decision-making. A number of sub-symbolic approaches have been developed to provide insights into the GNN decision making process. These are…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-12-06 Anna Himmelhuber , Stephan Grimm , Sonja Zillner , Mitchell Joblin , Martin Ringsquandl , Thomas Runkler

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are a powerful technique for machine learning on graph-structured data, yet they pose challenges in interpretability. Existing GNN explanation methods usually yield technical outputs, such as subgraphs and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Mateusz Cedro , David Martens

Markov Logic Networks (MLNs), which elegantly combine logic rules and probabilistic graphical models, can be used to address many knowledge graph problems. However, inference in MLN is computationally intensive, making the industrial-scale…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-02-05 Yuyu Zhang , Xinshi Chen , Yuan Yang , Arun Ramamurthy , Bo Li , Yuan Qi , Le Song

Graph neural networks (GNNs) are shown to be successful in modeling applications with graph structures. However, training an accurate GNN model requires a large collection of labeled data and expressive features, which might be inaccessible…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-03 Ziniu Hu , Changjun Fan , Ting Chen , Kai-Wei Chang , Yizhou Sun

Current graph neural networks (GNNs) lack generalizability with respect to scales (graph sizes, graph diameters, edge weights, etc..) when solving many graph analysis problems. Taking the perspective of synthesizing graph theory programs,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Hao Tang , Zhiao Huang , Jiayuan Gu , Bao-Liang Lu , Hao Su

With the growing use of deep learning methods, particularly graph neural networks, which encode intricate interconnectedness information, for a variety of real tasks, there is a necessity for explainability in such settings. In this paper,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-04 Harsh Patel , Shivam Sahni

Conformal prediction for graph neural networks (GNNs) offers a promising framework for quantifying uncertainty, enhancing GNN reliability in high-stakes applications. However, existing methods predominantly focus on static graphs,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Tuo Wang , Jian Kang , Yujun Yan , Adithya Kulkarni , Dawei Zhou

Graph neural networks (GNNs) are a popular class of machine learning models whose major advantage is their ability to incorporate a sparse and discrete dependency structure between data points. Unfortunately, GNNs can only be used when such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-22 Luca Franceschi , Mathias Niepert , Massimiliano Pontil , Xiao He

Real data collected from different applications that have additional topological structures and connection information are amenable to be represented as a weighted graph. Considering the node labeling problem, Graph Neural Networks (GNNs)…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2020-02-06 Xiaoxiao Li , Joao Saude

The growing need for Trusted AI (TAI) highlights the importance of interpretability and robustness in machine learning models. However, many existing tools overlook graph data and rarely combine these two aspects into a single solution.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Kirill Lukyanov , Mikhail Drobyshevskiy , Georgii Sazonov , Mikhail Soloviov , Ilya Makarov

Graphs are ubiquitous in nature and can therefore serve as models for many practical but also theoretical problems. For this purpose, they can be defined as many different types which suitably reflect the individual contexts of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-27 Josephine M. Thomas , Alice Moallemy-Oureh , Silvia Beddar-Wiesing , Clara Holzhüter

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have become increasingly important due to their representational power and state-of-the-art predictive performance on many fundamental learning tasks. Despite this success, GNNs suffer from fairness issues that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-11 April Chen , Ryan A. Rossi , Namyong Park , Puja Trivedi , Yu Wang , Tong Yu , Sungchul Kim , Franck Dernoncourt , Nesreen K. Ahmed

This paper investigates the integration of graph neural networks (GNNs) with Qualitative Explainable Graphs (QXGs) for scene understanding in automated driving. Scene understanding is the basis for any further reactive or proactive…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Nassim Belmecheri , Arnaud Gotlieb , Nadjib Lazaar , Helge Spieker

The study of Graph Neural Networks has received considerable interest in the past few years. By extending deep learning to graph-structured data, GNNs can solve a diverse set of tasks in fields including social science, chemistry, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Ashwin Nalwade , Kelly Marshall , Axel Eladi , Umang Sharma

The success of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) has led to a need for understanding their decision-making process and providing explanations for their predictions, which has given rise to explainable AI (XAI) that offers transparent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Sangwoo Seo , Sungwon Kim , Chanyoung Park

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have become a standard approach for learning from graph-structured data. However, their reliance on parametric classifiers (most often linear softmax layers) limits interpretability and sometimes hinders…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Zeljko Bolevic , Milos Brajovic , Isidora Stankovic , Ljubisa Stankovic

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in natural language understanding and generation, including multi-step reasoning such as mathematical proving. However, existing approaches often lack an explicit and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Yutong Li , Yitian Zhou , Xudong Wang , GuoChen , Caiyan Qin