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Discovering hazardous scenarios is crucial in testing and further improving driving policies. However, conducting efficient driving policy testing faces two key challenges. On the one hand, the probability of naturally encountering…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-12-14 Weilin Liu , Ye Mu , Chao Yu , Xuefei Ning , Zhong Cao , Yi Wu , Shuang Liang , Huazhong Yang , Yu Wang

The safe trajectory planning of intelligent and connected vehicles is a key component in autonomous driving technology. Modeling the environment risk information by field is a promising and effective approach for safe trajectory planning.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Zeyu Han , Mengchi Cai , Chaoyi Chen , Qingwen Meng , Guangwei Wang , Ying Liu , Qing Xu , Jianqiang Wang , Keqiang Li

Advanced driver assistance systems are advancing at a rapid pace and all major companies started investing in developing the autonomous vehicles. But the security and reliability is still uncertain and debatable. Imagine that a vehicle is…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2018-10-10 Amara Dinesh Kumar , Koti Naga Renu Chebrolu , Vinayakumar R , Soman KP

In autonomous driving, behavior prediction is fundamental for safe motion planning, hence the security and robustness of prediction models against adversarial attacks are of paramount importance. We propose a novel adversarial backdoor…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-23 Mozhgan Pourkeshavarz , Mohammad Sabokrou , Amir Rasouli

Current evaluation methods for autonomous driving prediction models rely heavily on simplistic metrics such as Average Displacement Error (ADE) and Final Displacement Error (FDE). While these metrics offer basic performance assessments,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Feifei Liu , Haozhe Wang , Zejun Wei , Qirong Lu , Yiyang Wen , Xiaoyu Tang , Jingyan Jiang , Zhijian He

Evaluating the decision-making system is indispensable in developing autonomous vehicles, while realistic and challenging safety-critical test scenarios play a crucial role. Obtaining these scenarios is non-trivial, thanks to the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-08-08 Kunkun Hao , Yonggang Luo , Wen Cui , Yuqiao Bai , Jucheng Yang , Songyang Yan , Yuxi Pan , Zijiang Yang

Contingency planning is the architectural capability that enables autonomous vehicles (AVs) to anticipate and mitigate discrete, high-impact hazards, such as sensor outages and adversarial interactions. This paper presents a comprehensive…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-22 Lei Zheng , Luyao Zhang , Peiqi Yu , Yifan Sun , Sergio Grammatico , Jun Ma , Changliu Liu

Modern autonomous vehicles adopt state-of-the-art DNN models to interpret the sensor data and perceive the environment. However, DNN models are vulnerable to different types of adversarial attacks, which pose significant risks to the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-14 Xingshuo Han , Guowen Xu , Yuan Zhou , Xuehuan Yang , Jiwei Li , Tianwei Zhang

While emerging adaptive cruise control (ACC) technologies are making their way into more vehicles, they also expose a vulnerability to potential malicious cyberattacks. Previous research has typically focused on constant or stochastic…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-17 Shian Wang

Autonomous driving (AD) systems are often built and tested in a modular fashion, where the performance of different modules is measured using task-specific metrics. These metrics should be chosen so as to capture the downstream impact of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-11-22 Jonathan Sadeghi , Nicholas A. Lord , John Redford , Romain Mueller

Autonomous driving systems have witnessed a significant development during the past years thanks to the advance in machine learning-enabled sensing and decision-making algorithms. One critical challenge for their massive deployment in the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Wenhao Ding , Chejian Xu , Mansur Arief , Haohong Lin , Bo Li , Ding Zhao

Modern Automated Driving (AD) systems rely on safety measures to handle faults and to bring vehicle to a safe state. To eradicate lethal road accidents, car manufacturers are constantly introducing new perception as well as control systems.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-02-22 Yuting Fu , Andrei Terechko , Jan Friso Groote , Arash Khabbaz Saberi

Vision-language models (VLMs) have significantly advanced autonomous driving (AD) by enhancing reasoning capabilities. However, these models remain highly vulnerable to adversarial attacks. While existing research has primarily focused on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Tianyuan Zhang , Lu Wang , Xinwei Zhang , Yitong Zhang , Boyi Jia , Siyuan Liang , Shengshan Hu , Qiang Fu , Aishan Liu , Xianglong Liu

The operational space of an autonomous vehicle (AV) can be diverse and vary significantly. This may lead to a scenario that was not postulated in the design phase. Due to this, formulating a rule based decision maker for selecting maneuvers…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-04-02 Subramanya Nageshrao , Eric Tseng , Dimitar Filev

Recently, numerous studies have investigated cooperative traffic systems using the communication among vehicle-to-everything (V2X). Unfortunately, when multiple autonomous vehicles are deployed while exposed to communication failure, there…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-11-08 Daegyu Lee , Hyunki Seong , Seungil Han , Gyuree Kang , D. Hyunchul Shim , Yoonjin Yoon

Connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs) will form the backbone of future next-generation intelligent transportation systems (ITS) providing travel comfort, road safety, along with a number of value-added services. Such a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-24 Adnan Qayyum , Muhammad Usama , Junaid Qadir , Ala Al-Fuqaha

This study underscores the vital importance of intelligent driving functions in enhancing road safety and driving comfort. Central to our research is the challenge of obtaining sufficient test data for evaluating these functions, especially…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Nico Schick , Franjo Čičak

Autonomous vehicles require reliable hazard detection. However, primary sensor systems may miss near-field obstacles, resulting in safety risks. Although a dedicated fast-reacting near-field monitoring system can mitigate this, it typically…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-22 Junnan Pan , Prodromos Sotiriadis , Vladislav Nenchev , Ferdinand Englberger

Existing neural network-based autonomous systems are shown to be vulnerable against adversarial attacks, therefore sophisticated evaluation on their robustness is of great importance. However, evaluating the robustness only under the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-29 Wenhao Ding , Baiming Chen , Bo Li , Kim Ji Eun , Ding Zhao

Vision-language models (VLMs) are increasingly used in autonomous driving because they combine visual perception with language-based reasoning, supporting more interpretable decision-making, yet their robustness to physical adversarial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-01 David Fernandez , Pedram MohajerAnsari , Amir Salarpour , Mert D. Pese