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We explore whether neural networks can decode brain activity into speech by mapping EEG recordings to audio representations. Using EEG data recorded as subjects listened to natural speech, we train a model with a contrastive CLIP loss to…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Quentin Auster , Kateryna Shapovalenko , Chuang Ma , Demaio Sun

In recent years, much interdisciplinary research has been conducted exploring potential use cases of neuroscience to advance the field of information retrieval. Initial research concentrated on the use of fMRI data, but fMRI was deemed to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Zenon Lamprou , Iakovos Tenedios , Yashar Moshfeghi

Decoding continuous language from neural signals remains a significant challenge in the intersection of neuroscience and artificial intelligence. We introduce Neuro2Semantic, a novel framework that reconstructs the semantic content of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Siavash Shams , Richard Antonello , Gavin Mischler , Stephan Bickel , Ashesh Mehta , Nima Mesgarani

This paper introduces a novel cross-physiology translation task: synthesizing sleep electroencephalography (EEG) from respiration signals. To address the significant complexity gap between the two modalities, we propose a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Kaiwen Zha , Chao Li , Hao He , Peng Cao , Tianhong Li , Ali Mirzazadeh , Ellen Zhang , Jong Woo Lee , Yoon Kim , Dina Katabi

Decoding the speech signal that a person is listening to from the human brain via electroencephalography (EEG) can help us understand how our auditory system works. Linear models have been used to reconstruct the EEG from speech or vice…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-18 Mohammad Jalilpour Monesi , Bernd Accou , Tom Francart , Hugo Van Hamme

Decoding attempted speech from neural activity offers a promising avenue for restoring communication abilities in individuals with speech impairments. Previous studies have focused on mapping neural activity to text using phonemes as the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-19 Jingyuan Li , Trung Le , Chaofei Fan , Mingfei Chen , Eli Shlizerman

Decoding language from the human brain remains a grand challenge for Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs). Current approaches typically rely on unimodal brain representations, neglecting the brain's inherently multimodal processing. Inspired by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Chunyu Ye , Yunhao Zhang , Jingyuan Sun , Chong Li , Chengqing Zong , Shaonan Wang

While Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) show promising performance in automated electrocardiogram interpretation, it remains unclear whether they genuinely perform actual step-by-step reasoning or just rely on superficial visual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Jungwoo Oh , Hyunseung Chung , Junhee Lee , Min-Gyu Kim , Hangyul Yoon , Ki Seong Lee , Youngchae Lee , Muhan Yeo , Edward Choi

Sleep stage classification based on electroencephalography (EEG) is fundamental for assessing sleep quality and diagnosing sleep-related disorders. However, most traditional machine learning methods rely heavily on prior knowledge and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Xihe Qiu , Gengchen Ma , Haoyu Wang , Chen Zhan , Xiaoyu Tan , Shuo Li

Electroencephalography (EEG) is commonly used by physicians for the diagnosis of numerous neurological disorders. Due to the large volume of EEGs requiring interpretation and the specific expertise involved, artificial intelligence-based…

Rapid Serial Visual Presentation (RSVP)-based Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) is an effective technology used for information detection by detecting Event-Related Potentials (ERPs). The current RSVP decoding methods can perform well in…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Xujin Li , Wei Wei , Shuang Qiu , Xinyi Zhang , Fu Li , Huiguang He

Decoding brain activity into natural language is a major challenge in AI with important applications in assistive communication, neurotechnology, and human-computer interaction. Most existing Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) approaches rely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Akshaj Murhekar , Christina Liu , Abhijit Mishra , Shounak Roychowdhury , Jacek Gwizdka

Surface electromyography (sEMG) provides a direct neural interface for decoding muscle activity and offers a promising foundation for keyboard-free text input in wearable and mixed-reality systems. Previous sEMG-to-text studies mainly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Meghna Roy Chowdhury , Shreyas Sen , Yi Ding

Decoding human brain activity from electroencephalography (EEG) signals is a central challenge at the intersection of neuroscience and artificial intelligence, enabling diverse applications in mental state assessment, clinical monitoring,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Weiheng Lu , Zhouheng Yao , Jiamin Wu , Pengyu Zhu , Yuchen Zhou , Weijian Mai , Qihao Zheng , Wanli Ouyang , Chunfeng Song

Speech-to-text translation pertains to the task of converting speech signals in a language to text in another language. It finds its application in various domains, such as hands-free communication, dictation, video lecture transcription,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Nivedita Sethiya , Chandresh Kumar Maurya

Information Retrieval (IR) systems primarily rely on users' ability to translate their internal information needs into (text) queries. However, this translation process is often uncertain and cognitively demanding, leading to queries that…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Niall McGuire , Yashar Moshfeghi

Visual stimuli reconstruction from EEG remains challenging due to fidelity loss and representation shift. We propose CognitionCapturerPro, an enhanced framework that integrates EEG with multi-modal priors (images, text, depth, and edges)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Kaifan Zhang , Lihuo He , Junjie Ke , Yuqi Ji , Lukun Wu , Lizi Wang , Xinbo Gao

End-to-end speech translation aims to translate speech in one language into text in another language via an end-to-end way. Most existing methods employ an encoder-decoder structure with a single encoder to learn acoustic representation and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-29 Yuchen Liu , Junnan Zhu , Jiajun Zhang , Chengqing Zong

Electroencephalography (EEG) is one of the most common signals used to capture the electrical activity of the brain, and the decoding of EEG, to acquire the user intents, has been at the forefront of brain-computer/machine interfaces…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Haodong Zhang , Hongqi Li

EEG-based brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) have shown promise in various applications, such as motor imagery and cognitive state monitoring. However, decoding visual representations from EEG signals remains a significant challenge due to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Tariq Mehmood , Hamza Ahmad , Muhammad Haroon Shakeel , Murtaza Taj