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Using machine learning to solve combinatorial optimization (CO) problems is challenging, especially when the data is unlabeled. This work proposes an unsupervised learning framework for CO problems. Our framework follows a standard…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Haoyu Wang , Nan Wu , Hang Yang , Cong Hao , Pan Li

Iterative heuristics are widely recognized as state-of-the-art for Vehicle Routing Problems (VRPs). In this work, we exploit a critical observation: a large portion of the solution remains stable, i.e., unchanged across search iterations,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Wenbin Ouyang , Sirui Li , Yining Ma , Cathy Wu

Non-convex optimization problems are pervasive across mathematical programming, engineering design, and scientific computing, often posing intractable challenges for traditional solvers due to their complex objective functions and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Xinyue Peng , Yanming Liu , Yihan Cang , Yuwei Zhang , Xinyi Wang , Songhang Deng , Jiannan Cao

The increasing reliance on numerical methods for controlling dynamical systems and training machine learning models underscores the need to devise algorithms that dependably and efficiently navigate complex optimization landscapes.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-04 Andrea Martin , Luca Furieri

Numerous Neural Combinatorial Optimization (NCO) solvers have been proposed to address Vehicle Routing Problems (VRPs). However, most of these solvers focus exclusively on single-vehicle VRP variants, overlooking the more realistic min-max…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Xuan Wu , Di Wang , Chunguo Wu , Kaifang Qi , Chunyan Miao , Yubin Xiao , Jian Zhang , You Zhou

We introduce a principled learning to optimize (L2O) framework for solving fixed-point problems involving general nonexpansive mappings. Our idea is to deliberately inject summable perturbations into a standard Krasnosel'skii-Mann iteration…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-13 Andrea Martin , Giuseppe Belgioioso

Integrating machine learning techniques in established numerical solvers represents a modern approach to enhancing computational fluid dynamics simulations. Within the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM), the collision operator serves as an…

Computational Physics · Physics 2024-12-12 Mario Christopher Bedrunka , Tobias Horstmann , Ben Picard , Dirk Reith , Holger Foysi

Visual navigation is a fundamental problem in embodied AI, yet practical deployments demand long-horizon planning capabilities to address multi-objective tasks. A major bottleneck is data scarcity: policies learned from limited data often…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Yiyuan Pan , Yunzhe Xu , Zhe Liu , Hesheng Wang

This paper presents an approach to learn the local-search heuristics that iteratively improves the solution of Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP). A local-search heuristics is composed of a destroy operator that destructs a candidate solution,…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-02-21 Lei Gao , Mingxiang Chen , Qichang Chen , Ganzhong Luo , Nuoyi Zhu , Zhixin Liu

Combinatorial optimization (CO) problems, central to operation research and theoretical computer science, present significant computational challenges due to their NP-hard nature. While large language models (LLMs) have emerged as promising…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Xijun Li , Jiexiang Yang , Jinghao Wang , Bo Peng , Jianguo Yao , Haibing Guan

Current methods for end-to-end constructive neural combinatorial optimization usually train a policy using behavior cloning from expert solutions or policy gradient methods from reinforcement learning. While behavior cloning is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Jonathan Pirnay , Dominik G. Grimm

In this paper, we evaluate the use of Reinforcement Learning (RL) to solve a classic combinatorial optimization problem: the Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem (CVRP). We formalize this problem in the RL framework and compare two of the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-01-17 Leo Ardon

Combinatorial Optimization (CO) has been a long-standing challenging research topic featured by its NP-hard nature. Traditionally such problems are approximately solved with heuristic algorithms which are usually fast but may sacrifice the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Runzhong Wang , Zhigang Hua , Gan Liu , Jiayi Zhang , Junchi Yan , Feng Qi , Shuang Yang , Jun Zhou , Xiaokang Yang

Recent advancements in Neural Combinatorial Optimization (NCO) have shown promise in solving routing problems like the Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) and Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem (CVRP) without handcrafted designs. Research in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Ke Li , Fei Liu , Zhengkun Wang , Qingfu Zhang

Symbolic regression aims to discover human-interpretable equations that explain observational data. However, existing approaches rely heavily on discrete structure search (e.g., genetic programming), which often leads to high computational…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Fateme Memar , Tao Zhe , Dongjie Wang

On-ramp merging presents a critical challenge in autonomous driving, as vehicles from merging lanes need to dynamically adjust their positions and speeds while monitoring traffic on the main road to prevent collisions. To address this…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Qiong Wu , Maoxin Ji , Pingyi Fan , Kezhi Wang , Nan Cheng , Wen Chen , Khaled B. Letaief

Even though mobile robots have been around for decades, trajectory optimization and continuous time collision avoidance remain subject of active research. Existing methods trade off between path quality, computational complexity, and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-03-03 Tobias Schoels , Luigi Palmieri , Kai O. Arras , Moritz Diehl

This paper introduces RaCo, a lightweight neural network designed to learn robust and versatile keypoints suitable for a variety of 3D computer vision tasks. The model integrates three key components: the repeatable keypoint detector, a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Abhiram Shenoi , Philipp Lindenberger , Paul-Edouard Sarlin , Marc Pollefeys

For NP-hard combinatorial optimization problems, it is usually difficult to find high-quality solutions in polynomial time. The design of either an exact algorithm or an approximate algorithm for these problems often requires significantly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-07 Kun Lei , Peng Guo , Yi Wang , Xiao Wu , Wenchao Zhao

Recently, online Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) has become a key paradigm for enhancing the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, existing methods typically treat all training samples…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Shijie Zhang , Guohao Sun , Kevin Zhang , Xiang Guo , Rujun Guo