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In this work, we evaluate 10 open-source instructed LLMs on four representative code comprehension and generation tasks. We have the following main findings. First, for the zero-shot setting, instructed LLMs are very competitive on code…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-03 Zhiqiang Yuan , Junwei Liu , Qiancheng Zi , Mingwei Liu , Xin Peng , Yiling Lou

The growing demands of the worldwide IT infrastructure stress the need for reduced power consumption, which is addressed in so-called transprecision computing by improving energy efficiency at the expense of precision. For example, reducing…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-07-30 Andrea Borghesi , Giuseppe Tagliavini , Michele Lombardi , Luca Benini , Michela Milano

Large Language Models (LLMs) have seen great advance in both academia and industry, and their popularity results in numerous open-source frameworks and techniques in accelerating LLM pre-training, fine-tuning, and inference. Training and…

Performance · Computer Science 2023-12-04 Longteng Zhang , Xiang Liu , Zeyu Li , Xinglin Pan , Peijie Dong , Ruibo Fan , Rui Guo , Xin Wang , Qiong Luo , Shaohuai Shi , Xiaowen Chu

Most uses of machine learning today involve training a model from scratch for a particular task, or sometimes starting with a model pretrained on a related task and then fine-tuning on a downstream task. Both approaches offer limited…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-26 Andrea Gesmundo , Jeff Dean

Instruction tuning is crucial for enabling Language Learning Models (LLMs) in responding to human instructions. The quality of instruction pairs used for tuning greatly affects the performance of LLMs. However, the manual creation of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-22 Yilun Liu , Shimin Tao , Xiaofeng Zhao , Ming Zhu , Wenbing Ma , Junhao Zhu , Chang Su , Yutai Hou , Miao Zhang , Min Zhang , Hongxia Ma , Li Zhang , Hao Yang , Yanfei Jiang

Large language model (LLM) has achieved promising performance in multilingual machine translation tasks through zero/few-shot prompts or prompt-tuning. However, due to the mixture of multilingual data during the pre-training of LLM, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Shaojie Dai , Xin Liu , Ping Luo , Yue Yu

Simulation is a useful tool in situations where training data for machine learning models is costly to annotate or even hard to acquire. In this work, we propose a reinforcement learning-based method for automatically adjusting the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-15 Nataniel Ruiz , Samuel Schulter , Manmohan Chandraker

Thanks to the mature manufacturing techniques, solid-state drives (SSDs) are highly customizable for applications today, which brings opportunities to further improve their storage performance and resource utilization. However, the SSD…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Daixuan Li , Jian Huang

A main driver behind the digitization of industry and society is the belief that data-driven model building and decision making can contribute to higher degrees of automation and more informed decisions. Building such models from data often…

The execution behavior of a program often depends on external resources, such as program inputs or file contents, and so cannot be run in isolation. Nevertheless, software developers benefit from fast iteration loops where automated tools…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-30 David Bieber , Rishab Goel , Daniel Zheng , Hugo Larochelle , Daniel Tarlow

Machine learning (ML) involves private data and proprietary model parameters. MPC-based ML allows multiple parties to collaboratively run an ML workload without sharing their private data or model parameters using multi-party computing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Jinyu Liu , Gang Tan , Kiwan Maeng

Hybrid workflows combining traditional HPC and novel ML methodologies are transforming scientific computing. This paper presents the architecture and implementation of a scalable runtime system that extends RADICAL-Pilot with service-based…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Andre Merzky , Mikhail Titov , Matteo Turilli , Ozgur Kilic , Tianle Wang , Shantenu Jha

Autonomous vehicles rely on machine learning to solve challenging tasks in perception and motion planning. However, automotive software safety standards have not fully evolved to address the challenges of machine learning safety such as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-23 Sina Mohseni , Mandar Pitale , Vasu Singh , Zhangyang Wang

A fundamental challenge in multi-task reinforcement learning (MTRL) is achieving sample efficiency in visual domains where tasks exhibit substantial heterogeneity in both observations and dynamics. Model-based reinforcement learning offers…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Boxuan Zhang , Weipu Zhang , Zhaohan Feng , Wei Xiao , Jian Sun , Jie Chen , Gang Wang

Idealized first-principles models of chemical plants can be inaccurate. An alternative is to fit a Machine Learning (ML) model directly to plant sensor data. We use a structured approach: Each unit within the plant gets represented by one…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-12 Malte Esders , Gimmy Alex Fernandez Ramirez , Michael Gastegger , Satya Swarup Samal

Today's auto-tuners (e.g., AutoTVM, Ansor) generate efficient tensor programs by navigating a large search space to identify effective implementations, but they do so with opaque hardware details. Thus, their performance could fall behind…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-10-29 Jiarong Xing , Leyuan Wang , Shang Zhang , Jack Chen , Ang Chen , Yibo Zhu

The ever-growing demand and complexity of machine learning are putting pressure on hyper-parameter tuning systems: while the evaluation cost of models continues to increase, the scalability of state-of-the-arts starts to become a crucial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Yang Li , Yu Shen , Huaijun Jiang , Wentao Zhang , Jixiang Li , Ji Liu , Ce Zhang , Bin Cui

While traditional machine learning can effectively tackle a wide range of problems, it primarily operates within a closed-world setting, which presents limitations when dealing with streaming data. As a solution, incremental learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Hai-Long Sun , Da-Wei Zhou , De-Chuan Zhan , Han-Jia Ye

Instruction tuning is a pivotal technique for aligning large language models (LLMs) with human intentions, safety constraints, and domain-specific requirements. This survey provides a comprehensive overview of the full pipeline,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Xudong Han , Junjie Yang , Tianyang Wang , Ziqian Bi , Xinyuan Song , Junfeng Hao , Junhao Song

Heterogeneous computing systems, which combine general-purpose processors with specialized accelerators, are increasingly important for optimizing the performance of modern applications. A central challenge is to decide which parts of an…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Martin Wilhelm , Franz Freitag , Max Tzschoppe , Thilo Pionteck