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Foundation models are a promising path toward general-purpose and user-friendly robots. The prevalent approach involves training a generalist policy that, like a reinforcement learning policy, uses observations to output actions. Although…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-12 Isaac Sheidlower , Reuben Aronson , Elaine Schaertl Short

In principle, reinforcement learning and policy search methods can enable robots to learn highly complex and general skills that may allow them to function amid the complexity and diversity of the real world. However, training a policy that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-29 Ali Yahya , Adrian Li , Mrinal Kalakrishnan , Yevgen Chebotar , Sergey Levine

Deep reinforcement learning could be used to learn dexterous robotic policies but it is challenging to transfer them to new robots with vastly different hardware properties. It is also prohibitively expensive to learn a new policy from…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-01-15 Tao Chen , Adithyavairavan Murali , Abhinav Gupta

Recent progress on vision-language foundation models have brought significant advancement to building general-purpose robots. By using the pre-trained models to encode the scene and instructions as inputs for decision making, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-22 Yuying Ge , Annabella Macaluso , Li Erran Li , Ping Luo , Xiaolong Wang

Visual representations play a crucial role in developing generalist robotic policies. Previous vision encoders, typically pre-trained with single-image reconstruction or two-image contrastive learning, tend to capture static information,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Yucheng Hu , Yanjiang Guo , Pengchao Wang , Xiaoyu Chen , Yen-Jen Wang , Jianke Zhang , Koushil Sreenath , Chaochao Lu , Jianyu Chen

Robot learning holds tremendous promise to unlock the full potential of flexible, general, and dexterous robot systems, as well as to address some of the deepest questions in artificial intelligence. However, bringing robot learning to the…

Behavior cloning methods for robot learning suffer from poor generalization due to limited data support beyond expert demonstrations. Recent approaches leveraging video prediction models have shown promising results by learning rich…

Visual representations are central to the learning and generalization capabilities of robotic manipulation policies. While existing methods rely on global or dense features, such representations often entangle task-relevant and irrelevant…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Alexandre Chapin , Bruno Machado , Emmanuel Dellandrea , Liming Chen

Modeling generalized robot control policies poses ongoing challenges for language-guided robot manipulation tasks. Existing methods often struggle to efficiently utilize cross-dataset resources or rely on resource-intensive vision-language…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Wenhui Tan , Bei Liu , Junbo Zhang , Ruihua Song , Jianlong Fu

In this work we propose an approach to learn a robust policy for solving the pivoting task. Recently, several model-free continuous control algorithms were shown to learn successful policies without prior knowledge of the dynamics of the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2017-03-03 Rika Antonova , Silvia Cruciani , Christian Smith , Danica Kragic

Enabling autonomous robots to interact in unstructured environments with dynamic objects requires manipulation capabilities that can deal with clutter, changes, and objects' variability. This paper presents a comparison of different…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-02-01 Michel Breyer , Fadri Furrer , Tonci Novkovic , Roland Siegwart , Juan Nieto

Imitation learning in robotics faces significant challenges in generalization due to the complexity of robotic environments and the high cost of data collection. We introduce RoCoDA, a novel method that unifies the concepts of invariance,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Ezra Ameperosa , Jeremy A. Collins , Mrinal Jain , Animesh Garg

Model predictive control (MPC) is an effective method for controlling robotic systems, particularly autonomous aerial vehicles such as quadcopters. However, application of MPC can be computationally demanding, and typically requires…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-02-17 Tianhao Zhang , Gregory Kahn , Sergey Levine , Pieter Abbeel

We present Robot-centric Pooling (RcP), a novel pooling method designed to enhance end-to-end visuomotor policies by enabling differentiation between the robots and similar entities or their surroundings. Given an image-proprioception pair,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-11-08 Zheyu Zhuang , Ville Kyrki , Danica Kragic

We survey applications of pretrained foundation models in robotics. Traditional deep learning models in robotics are trained on small datasets tailored for specific tasks, which limits their adaptability across diverse applications. In…

3D policy learning promises superior generalization and cross-embodiment transfer, but progress has been hindered by training instabilities and severe overfitting, precluding the adoption of powerful 3D perception models. In this work, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Zhengdong Hong , Shenrui Wu , Haozhe Cui , Boyi Zhao , Ran Ji , Yiyang He , Hangxing Zhang , Zundong Ke , Jun Wang , Guofeng Zhang , Jiayuan Gu

Generalist robot policies, trained on large and diverse datasets, have demonstrated the ability to generalize across a wide spectrum of behaviors, enabling a single policy to act in varied real-world environments. However, they still fall…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Yajat Yadav , Zhiyuan Zhou , Andrew Wagenmaker , Karl Pertsch , Sergey Levine

Deep reinforcement learning produces robust locomotion policies for legged robots over challenging terrains. To date, few studies have leveraged model-based methods to combine these locomotion skills with the precise control of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-01-12 Yuntao Ma , Farbod Farshidian , Takahiro Miki , Joonho Lee , Marco Hutter

Robotic fabric manipulation is challenging due to the infinite dimensional configuration space, self-occlusion, and complex dynamics of fabrics. There has been significant prior work on learning policies for specific deformable manipulation…

Likelihood-based policy gradient methods are the dominant approach for training robot control policies from rewards. These methods rely on differentiable action likelihoods, which constrain policy outputs to simple distributions like…

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