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Integrating adaptive learning rate and momentum techniques into SGD leads to a large class of efficiently accelerated adaptive stochastic algorithms, such as AdaGrad, RMSProp, Adam, AccAdaGrad, \textit{etc}. In spite of their effectiveness…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-16 Li Shen , Congliang Chen , Fangyu Zou , Zequn Jie , Ju Sun , Wei Liu

We introduce a novel algorithm for gradient-based optimization of stochastic objective functions. The method may be seen as a variant of SGD with momentum equipped with an adaptive learning rate automatically adjusted by an 'energy'…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-03-24 Hailiang Liu , Xuping Tian

Adam-type methods, the extension of adaptive gradient methods, have shown great performance in the training of both supervised and unsupervised machine learning models. In particular, Adam-type optimizers have been widely used empirically…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-30 Zehao Dou , Yuanzhi Li

Deep learning optimizers are often motivated through a mix of convex and approximate second-order theory. We select three such methods -- Adam, Shampoo and Prodigy -- and argue that each method can instead be understood as a squarely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Jeremy Bernstein , Laker Newhouse

Sharpness aware minimization (SAM) optimizer has been extensively explored as it can generalize better for training deep neural networks via introducing extra perturbation steps to flatten the landscape of deep learning models. Integrating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-02 Hao Sun , Li Shen , Qihuang Zhong , Liang Ding , Shixiang Chen , Jingwei Sun , Jing Li , Guangzhong Sun , Dacheng Tao

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is the main approach for training deep networks: it moves towards the optimum of the cost function by iteratively updating the parameters of a model in the direction of the gradient of the loss evaluated on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-30 Loris Nanni , Gianluca Maguolo , Alessandra Lumini

Adam has been widely adopted for training deep neural networks due to less hyperparameter tuning and remarkable performance. To improve generalization, Adam is typically used in tandem with a squared $\ell_2$ regularizer (referred to as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-02 Zhenxun Zhuang , Mingrui Liu , Ashok Cutkosky , Francesco Orabona

Stochastic optimizers are central to deep learning, yet widely used methods such as Adam and Adan can degrade in non-stationary or noisy environments, partly due to their reliance on momentum-based magnitude estimates. We introduce Ano, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Adrien Kegreisz

The Adam optimization method has achieved remarkable success in addressing contemporary challenges in stochastic optimization. This method falls within the realm of adaptive sub-gradient techniques, yet the underlying geometric principles…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Chinedu Eleh , Masuzyo Mwanza , Ekene Aguegboh , Hans-Werner van Wyk

Recent evidence suggests that Adam performs robustly when its momentum parameters are tied, $\beta_1=\beta_2$, reducing the optimizer to a single remaining parameter. However, how this parameter should be set remains poorly understood. We…

Low-rank pre-training and fine-tuning have recently emerged as promising techniques for reducing the computational and storage costs of large neural networks. Training low-rank parameterizations typically relies on conventional optimizers…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Steffen Schotthöfer , Timon Klein , Jonas Kusch

We introduce AdaAct, a novel optimization algorithm that adjusts learning rates according to activation variance. Our method enhances the stability of neuron outputs by incorporating neuron-wise adaptivity during the training process, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Hyunseok Seung , Jaewoo Lee , Hyunsuk Ko

Research into optimisation for deep learning is characterised by a tension between the computational efficiency of first-order, gradient-based methods (such as SGD and Adam) and the theoretical efficiency of second-order, curvature-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-17 Ross M. Clarke , José Miguel Hernández-Lobato

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is a standard optimization method to minimize a training error with respect to network parameters in modern neural network learning. However, it typically suffers from proliferation of saddle points in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-11-23 Haiping Huang , Taro Toyoizumi

We propose a federated version of adaptive gradient methods, particularly AdaGrad and Adam, within the framework of over-the-air model training. This approach capitalizes on the inherent superposition property of wireless channels,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Chenhao Wang , Zihan Chen , Nikolaos Pappas , Howard H. Yang , Tony Q. S. Quek , H. Vincent Poor

Adaptive optimizers like AdamW apply uniform hyperparameters across all parameter groups, ignoring heterogeneous optimization dynamics across layers and modules. We address this limitation by proposing MetaAdamW - a new optimizer that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-07 JiangBo Zhao , ZhaoXin Liu

Optimizing the learning rate remains a critical challenge in machine learning, essential for achieving model stability and efficient convergence. The Vector Auxiliary Variable (VAV) algorithm introduces a novel energy-based self-adjustable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Jiahao Zhang , Christian Moya , Guang Lin

Adaptive learning rate methods have been successfully applied in many fields, especially in training deep neural networks. Recent results have shown that adaptive methods with exponential increasing weights on squared past gradients (i.e.,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-05 Hui Zhong , Zaiyi Chen , Chuan Qin , Zai Huang , Vincent W. Zheng , Tong Xu , Enhong Chen

One of the primary reasons behind the success of neural networks has been the emergence of an array of new, highly-successful optimizers, perhaps most importantly the Adam optimizer. It is widely used for training neural networks, yet…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Benedikt Brantner

AdamW has become one of the most effective optimizers for training large-scale models. We have also observed its effectiveness in the context of federated learning (FL). However, directly applying AdamW in federated learning settings poses…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Junkang Liu , Fanhua Shang , Hongying Liu , Yuxuan Tian , Yuanyuan Liu , Jin Liu , Kewen Zhu , Zhouchen Lin