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Deep Learning methods are renowned for their performances, yet their lack of interpretability prevents them from high-stakes contexts. Recent model agnostic methods address this problem by providing post-hoc interpretability methods by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-30 Marco Repetto

Case-based reasoning networks are machine-learning models that make predictions based on similarity between the input and prototypical parts of training samples, called prototypes. Such models are able to explain each decision by pointing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Jules Soria , Zakaria Chihani , Julien Girard-Satabin , Alban Grastien , Romain Xu-Darme , Daniela Cancila

The importance of explainability in AI has become a pressing concern, for which several explainable AI (XAI) approaches have been recently proposed. However, most of the available XAI techniques are post-hoc methods, which however may be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-15 Leonardo Lucio Custode , Giovanni Iacca

Deep neural networks, while powerful for image classification, often operate as "black boxes," complicating the understanding of their decision-making processes. Various explanation methods, particularly those generating saliency maps, aim…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-30 Tristan Gomez , Harold Mouchère

Current research on Explainable AI (XAI) heavily targets on expert users (data scientists or AI developers). However, increasing importance has been argued for making AI more understandable to nonexperts, who are expected to leverage AI…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-10-20 Chao Wang , Pengcheng An

Post-hoc interpretability methods are critical tools to explain neural-network results. Several post-hoc methods have emerged in recent years, but when applied to a given task, they produce different results, raising the question of which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Hugues Turbé , Mina Bjelogrlic , Christian Lovis , Gianmarco Mengaldo

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (AI) methods are designed to provide information about how AI-based models make predictions. In healthcare, there is a widespread expectation that these methods will provide relevant and accurate…

Advancements in deep learning have enabled highly accurate arrhythmia detection from electrocardiogram (ECG) signals, but limited interpretability remains a barrier to clinical adoption. This study investigates the application of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Joschka Beck , Arlene John

To make Explainable AI (XAI) systems trustworthy, understanding harmful effects is just as important as producing well-designed explanations. In this paper, we address an important yet unarticulated type of negative effect in XAI. We…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-09-28 Upol Ehsan , Mark O. Riedl

Interpretability is essential for machine learning algorithms in high-stakes application fields such as medical image analysis. However, high-performing black-box neural networks do not provide explanations for their predictions, which can…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-09 Susu Sun , Stefano Woerner , Andreas Maier , Lisa M. Koch , Christian F. Baumgartner

This paper introduces the front-propagation algorithm, a novel eXplainable AI (XAI) technique designed to elucidate the decision-making logic of deep neural networks. Unlike other popular explainability algorithms such as Integrated…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Javier Viaña

With the increased deployment of machine learning models in various real-world applications, researchers and practitioners alike have emphasized the need for explanations of model behaviour. To this end, two broad strategies have been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-19 Usha Bhalla , Suraj Srinivas , Himabindu Lakkaraju

A longstanding challenge surrounding deep learning algorithms is unpacking and understanding how they make their decisions. Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) offers methods to provide explanations of internal functions of algorithms…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-08-16 Amin Nayebi , Sindhu Tipirneni , Brandon Foreman , Chandan K. Reddy , Vignesh Subbian

While there has been a recent explosion of work on ExplainableAI ExAI on deep models that operate on imagery and tabular data, textual datasets present new challenges to the ExAI community. Such challenges can be attributed to the lack of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-14 Julia El Zini , Mariette Awad

Conventionally, AI models are thought to trade off explainability for lower accuracy. We develop a training strategy that not only leads to a more explainable AI system for object classification, but as a consequence, suffers no perceptible…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-17 Andrea Zunino , Sarah Adel Bargal , Riccardo Volpi , Mehrnoosh Sameki , Jianming Zhang , Stan Sclaroff , Vittorio Murino , Kate Saenko

Explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) has predominantly focused on generating model-centric explanations that approximate the behavior of black-box models. However, such explanations often overlook a fundamental aspect of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Salvatore Greco , Jacek Karolczak , Roman Słowiński , Jerzy Stefanowski

The unprecedented performance of machine learning models in recent years, particularly Deep Learning and transformer models, has resulted in their application in various domains such as finance, healthcare, and education. However, the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-12-20 Milad Rogha

Deep neural networks are becoming more and more popular due to their revolutionary success in diverse areas, such as computer vision, natural language processing, and speech recognition. However, the decision-making processes of these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-15 Oana-Maria Camburu

While recent advancements in Neural Ranking Models have resulted in significant improvements over traditional statistical retrieval models, it is generally acknowledged that the use of large neural architectures and the application of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Sourav Saha , Harsh Agarwal , V Venktesh , Avishek Anand , Swastik Mohanty , Debapriyo Majumdar , Mandar Mitra

With the rising concern on model interpretability, the application of eXplainable AI (XAI) tools on deepfake detection models has been a topic of interest recently. In image classification tasks, XAI tools highlight pixels influencing the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Balachandar Gowrisankar , Vrizlynn L. L. Thing