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This paper summarizes the idea of Subarray-Level Parallelism (SALP) in DRAM, which was published in ISCA 2012, and examines the work's significance and future potential. Modern DRAMs have multiple banks to serve multiple memory requests in…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2018-05-08 Yoongu Kim , Vivek Seshadri , Donghyuk Lee , Jamie Liu , Onur Mutlu

Recent neural networks (NNs) with self-attention exhibit competitiveness across different AI domains, but the essential attention mechanism brings massive computation and memory demands. To this end, various sparsity patterns are introduced…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Haibin Wu , Wenming Li , Kai Yan , Zhihua Fan , Peiyang Wu , Yuqun Liu , Yanhuan Liu , Ziqing Qiang , Meng Wu , Kunming Liu , Xiaochun Ye , Dongrui Fan

On-chip communication infrastructure is a central component of modern systems-on-chip (SoCs), and it continues to gain importance as the number of cores, the heterogeneity of components, and the on-chip and off-chip bandwidth continue to…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-11-12 Andreas Kurth , Wolfgang Rönninger , Thomas Benz , Matheus Cavalcante , Fabian Schuiki , Florian Zaruba , Luca Benini

We initiate the study of graph algorithms in the streaming setting on massive distributed and parallel systems inspired by practical data processing systems. The objective is to design algorithms that can efficiently process evolving graphs…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-01-20 Artur Czumaj , Gopinath Mishra , Anish Mukherjee

Matrix multiplication is a foundational operation in scientific computing and machine learning, yet its computational complexity makes it a significant bottleneck for large-scale applications. The shift to parallel architectures, primarily…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Mufakir Qamar Ansari , Mudabir Qamar Ansari

Transformer models struggle with long-context inference due to their quadratic time and linear memory complexity. Recurrent Memory Transformers (RMTs) offer a solution by reducing the asymptotic cost to linear time and constant memory…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Danil Sivtsov , Ivan Rodkin , Gleb Kuzmin , Yuri Kuratov , Ivan Oseledets

Repeated off-chip memory accesses to DRAM drive up operating power for data-intensive applications, and SRAM technology scaling and leakage power limits the efficiency of embedded memories. Future on-chip storage will need higher density…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2022-01-13 Lillian Pentecost , Alexander Hankin , Marco Donato , Mark Hempstead , Gu-Yeon Wei , David Brooks

The increasing complexity of transformer models in artificial intelligence expands their computational costs, memory usage, and energy consumption. Hardware acceleration tackles the ensuing challenges by designing processors and…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-12-21 Alireza Amirshahi , Giovanni Ansaloni , David Atienza

The two main thrusts of computational science are more accurate predictions and faster calculations; to this end, the zeitgeist in molecular dynamics (MD) simulations is pursuing machine learned and data driven interatomic models, e.g.…

Computational Physics · Physics 2020-02-24 Saaketh Desai , Samuel Temple Reeve , James F. Belak

Servers produced by mainstream vendors are inefficient in processing Big Data queries due to bottlenecks inherent in the fundamental architecture of these systems. Current server blades contain multicore processors connected to DRAM memory…

Databases · Computer Science 2020-03-23 Ed T. Upchurch

The increasing density of transistors in Integrated Circuits (ICs) has enabled the development of highly integrated Systems-on-Chip (SoCs) and, more recently, Multiprocessor Systems-on-Chip (MPSoCs). To address scalability challenges in…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Rodrigo Cataldo , Cesar Marcon , Debora Matos

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are becoming a promising technique in various domains due to their excellent capabilities in modeling non-Euclidean data. Although a spectrum of accelerators has been proposed to accelerate the inference of…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-11-17 Zeyu Zhu , Fanrong Li , Gang Li , Zejian Liu , Zitao Mo , Qinghao Hu , Xiaoyao Liang , Jian Cheng

High-Performance Computing (HPC) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) workloads typically demand substantial memory bandwidth and, to a degree, memory capacity. CXL memory expansion modules, also known as CXL "type-3" devices, enable…

Operating Systems · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Rohit Sehgal , Vishal Tanna , Vinicius Petrucci , Anil Godbole

It is a challenging task to train large DNN models on sophisticated GPU platforms with diversified interconnect capabilities. Recently, pipelined training has been proposed as an effective approach for improving device utilization. However,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-07-03 Shiqing Fan , Yi Rong , Chen Meng , Zongyan Cao , Siyu Wang , Zhen Zheng , Chuan Wu , Guoping Long , Jun Yang , Lixue Xia , Lansong Diao , Xiaoyong Liu , Wei Lin

The transformer is the most critical algorithm innovation of the Nature Language Processing (NLP) field in recent years. Unlike the Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) models, Transformers can process on dimensions of sequence lengths in…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-02-23 Jiarui Fang , Yang Yu , Chengduo Zhao , Jie Zhou

Recently, Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have recorded great success in handling medical and other complex classification tasks. However, as the sizes of a DNN model and the available dataset increase, the training process becomes more complex…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-02-08 Samson B. Akintoye , Liangxiu Han , Xin Zhang , Haoming Chen , Daoqiang Zhang

With the growing complexity and capability of contemporary robotic systems, the necessity of sophisticated computing solutions to efficiently handle tasks such as real-time processing, sensor integration, decision-making, and control…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Md Rafid Islam

Deployment of modern TinyML tasks on small battery-constrained IoT devices requires high computational energy efficiency. Analog In-Memory Computing (IMC) using non-volatile memory (NVM) promises major efficiency improvements in deep neural…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-01-05 Angelo Garofalo , Gianmarco Ottavi , Francesco Conti , Geethan Karunaratne , Irem Boybat , Luca Benini , Davide Rossi

One of the primary sources of unpredictability in modern multi-core embedded systems is contention over shared memory resources, such as caches, interconnects, and DRAM. Despite significant achievements in the design and analysis of…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2018-09-18 Ankit Agrawal , Renato Mancuso , Rodolfo Pellizzoni , Gerhard Fohler

Analyzing large-scale performance logs from GPU profilers often requires terabytes of memory and hours of runtime, even for basic summaries. These constraints prevent timely insight and hinder the integration of performance analytics into…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-06-27 Ankur Lahiry , Ayush Pokharel , Seth Ockerman , Amal Gueroudji , Line Pouchard , Tanzima Z. Islam