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Optical projection tomography (OPT) is a powerful tool for biomedical studies. It achieves 3D visualization of mesoscopic biological samples with high spatial resolution using conventional tomographic-reconstruction algorithms. However,…

Optics · Physics 2025-02-07 Yan Liu , Jonathan Dong , Thanh-an Pham , François Marelli , Michael Unser

Automation underpins progress across scientific and industrial disciplines. Yet, automating tasks requiring interpretation of abstract visual information remain challenging. For example, crystal alignment strongly relies on humans with the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-14 J. Oppliger , M. Stifter , A. Rüegg , I. Biało , L. Martinelli , P. G. Freeman , D. Prabhakaran , J. Zhao , Q. Wang , J. Chang

Current large language models require hundreds of billions of parameters yet struggle with domain-specific reasoning and tool coordination in materials science. Here, we present MatBrain, a lightweight collaborative agent system with two…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Tongyu Shi , Yutang Li , Zhanyuan Li , Qian Liu , Jie Zhou , Wenhe Xu , Yang Li , Dawei Dai , Rui He , Wenhua Zhou , Jiahong Wang , Xue-Feng Yu

Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (STEM) has become the main stay for materials characterization on atomic level, with applications ranging from visualization of localized and extended defects to mapping order parameter fields. In…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2019-01-15 Xin Li , Ondrej Dyck , Sergei V. Kalinin , Stephen Jesse

AI is revolutionizing MRI along the acquisition and processing chain. Advanced AI frameworks have been developed to apply AI in various successive tasks, such as image reconstruction, quantitative parameter map estimation, and image…

Medical Physics · Physics 2024-05-02 Dimitrios Karkalousos , Ivana Išgum , Henk A. Marquering , Matthan W. A. Caan

New discoveries in chemistry and materials science, with increasingly expanding volume of requisite knowledge and experimental workload, provide unique opportunities for machine learning (ML) to take critical roles in accelerating research…

Computational studies of chemical reactions in complex environments such as proteins, nanostructures, or on surfaces require accurate and efficient atomistic models applicable to the nanometer scale. In general, an accurate parametrization…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2020-02-18 Christoph Brunken , Markus Reiher

Rapidly applying the effects of detector response to physics objects (e.g. electrons, muons, showers of particles) is essential in high energy physics. Currently available tools for the transformation from truth-level physics objects to…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2020-07-07 D. Benjamin , S. V. Chekanov , W. Hopkins , Y. Li , J. R. Love

Artificial intelligence (AI) promises to reshape scientific inquiry and enable breakthrough discoveries in areas such as energy storage, quantum computing, and biomedicine. Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), a cornerstone of…

AtomAI is an open-source software package bridging instrument-specific Python libraries, deep learning, and simulation tools into a single ecosystem. AtomAI allows direct applications of the deep convolutional neural networks for atomic and…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2022-12-29 Maxim Ziatdinov , Ayana Ghosh , Tommy Wong , Sergei V. Kalinin

Computer vision techniques have immense potential for materials design applications. In this work, we introduce an integrated and general-purpose AtomVision library that can be used to generate, curate scanning tunneling microscopy (STM)…

Materials Science · Physics 2023-03-06 Kamal Choudhary , Ramya Gurunathan , Brian DeCost , Adam Biacchi

Volumetric crystal structure indexing and orientation mapping are key data processing steps for virtually any quantitative study of spatial correlations between the local chemistry and the microstructure of a material. For electron and…

Computational Physics · Physics 2020-09-03 Markus Kühbach , Matthew Kasemer , Baptiste Gault , Andrew Breen

The processing and analysis of computed tomography (CT) imaging is important for both basic scientific development and clinical applications. In AutoCT, we provide a comprehensive pipeline that integrates an end-to-end automatic…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-30 Zhe Bai , Abdelilah Essiari , Talita Perciano , Kristofer E. Bouchard

Atomic-resolution imaging with scanning transmission electron microscopy is a powerful tool for characterizing the nanoscale structure of materials, in particular features such as defects, local strains, and symmetry-breaking distortions.…

Understanding vehicles in images is important for various applications such as intelligent transportation and self-driving system. Existing vehicle-centric works typically pre-train models on large-scale classification datasets and then…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-18 Xiao Wang , Wentao Wu , Chenglong Li , Zhicheng Zhao , Zhe Chen , Yukai Shi , Jin Tang

The development of machine-learning models for atomic-scale simulations has benefited tremendously from the large databases of materials and molecular properties computed in the past two decades using electronic-structure calculations. More…

The adoption of machine learning (ML) and deep learning methods has revolutionized molecular medicine by driving breakthroughs in genomics, transcriptomics, drug discovery, and biological systems modeling. The increasing quantity,…

Geometry optimization of atomic structures is a common and crucial task in computational chemistry and materials design. Following the learning to optimize paradigm, we propose a new multi-agent reinforcement learning method called…

Machine learning of atomic-scale properties is revolutionizing molecular modelling, making it possible to evaluate inter-atomic potentials with first-principles accuracy, at a fraction of the costs. The accuracy, speed and reliability of…

Computational Physics · Physics 2018-10-16 Giulio Imbalzano , Andrea Anelli , Daniele Giofr é , Sinja Klees , J örg Behler , Michele Ceriotti

Prompt engineering is a crucial yet challenging task for optimizing the performance of large language models (LLMs) on customized tasks. This pioneering research introduces the Automatic Prompt Engineering Toolbox (APET), which enables…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Daan Kepel , Konstantina Valogianni