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Approximate nearest neighbor search (ANNS) is a key retrieval technique for vector database and many data center applications, such as person re-identification and recommendation systems. It is also fundamental to retrieval augmented…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Yitu Wang , Shiyu Li , Qilin Zheng , Linghao Song , Zongwang Li , Andrew Chang , Hai "Helen" Li , Yiran Chen

Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search (ANNS) is a fundamental problem in many areas of machine learning and data mining. During the past decade, numerous hashing algorithms are proposed to solve this problem. Every proposed algorithm claims…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-06-20 Deng Cai

Vector retrieval systems exhibit significant performance variance across queries due to heterogeneous embedding quality. We propose a lightweight framework for predicting retrieval performance at the query level by combining quantization…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Y. Du

Nearest Neighbor Search (NNS) has recently drawn a rapid increase of interest due to its core role in managing high-dimensional vector data in data science and AI applications. The interest is fueled by the success of neural embedding,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-02-01 Zhen Peng , Minjia Zhang , Kai Li , Ruoming Jin , Bin Ren

Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search (ANNS) is now widely used in various applications, ranging from information retrieval, question answering, and recommendation, to search for similar high-dimensional vectors. As the amount of vector data…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-10-21 Yuming Xu , Hengyu Liang , Jin Li , Shuotao Xu , Qi Chen , Qianxi Zhang , Cheng Li , Ziyue Yang , Fan Yang , Yuqing Yang , Peng Cheng , Mao Yang

Vector search underpins modern information-retrieval systems, including retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) pipelines and search engines over unstructured text and images. As datasets scale to billions of vectors, disk-based vector search…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Nam Anh Dang , Ben Landrum , Ken Birman

Neural Architecture Search (NAS) methods have been growing in popularity. These techniques have been fundamental to automate and speed up the time consuming and error-prone process of synthesizing novel Deep Learning (DL) architectures. NAS…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-26 Hadjer Benmeziane , Kaoutar El Maghraoui , Hamza Ouarnoughi , Smail Niar , Martin Wistuba , Naigang Wang

Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search (ANNS) plays a critical role in applications such as search engines, recommender systems, and RAG for LLMs. Vector quantization (VQ), a crucial technique for ANNS, is commonly used to reduce space…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Hui Li , Shiyuan Deng , Xiao Yan , Xiangyu Zhi , James Cheng

The neural architecture search (NAS) algorithm with reinforcement learning can be a powerful and novel framework for the automatic discovering process of neural architectures. However, its application is restricted by noncontinuous and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-27 Chun-Ting Liu

The exponential growth of DNA sequencing data has outpaced traditional heuristic-based methods, which struggle to scale effectively. Efficient computational approaches are urgently needed to support large-scale similarity search, a…

Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search (ANNS) is a crucial operation in databases and artificial intelligence. While graph-based ANNS methods like HNSW and NSG excel in performance, they assume uniform query distribution. However, in…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Yifan Zhu , Ruijie Zhao , Zhonggen Li , Baihua Zheng , Zhikun Zhang , Zhaoqiang Chen , Congcong Ge

Embedding-based dense retrieval has become the cornerstone of many critical applications, where approximate nearest neighbor search (ANNS) queries are often combined with filters on labels such as dates and price ranges. Graph-based indexes…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Yicheng Jin , Yongji Wu , Wenjun Hu , Bruce M. Maggs , Jun Yang , Xiao Zhang , Danyang Zhuo

Approximate nearest neighbor search (ANNS) is a fundamental problem in vector databases and AI infrastructures. Recent graph-based ANNS algorithms have achieved high search accuracy with practical efficiency. Despite the advancements, these…

In multi-vector retrieval, both queries and data are represented as sets of high-dimensional vectors, enabling finer-grained semantic matching and improving retrieval quality over single-vector approaches. However, its practical adoption is…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Yao Tian , Zhoujin Tian , Xi Zhao , Ruiyuan Zhang , Xiaofang Zhou

Vector data is prevalent across business and scientific applications, and its popularity is growing with the proliferation of learned embeddings. Vector data collections often reach billions of vectors with thousands of dimensions, thus,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Ilias Azizi , Karima Echihab , Themis Palpanas , Vassilis Christophides

Neural Architecture Search (NAS) has emerged as a powerful framework for automatically discovering neural architectures that balance accuracy and efficiency. However, as AI transitions from static benchmarks to real-world deployment, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Matteo Gambella , Fabrizio Pittorino , Manuel Roveri

Approximate k-Nearest Neighbour (ANN) methods are often used for mining information and aiding machine learning on large scale high-dimensional datasets. ANN methods typically differ in the index structure used for accelerating searches,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Ben Harwood , Amir Dezfouli , Iadine Chades , Conrad Sanderson

Approximate Nearest Neighbor (ANN) search has become fundamental to modern AI infrastructure, powering recommendation systems, search engines, and large language models across industry leaders from Google to OpenAI. Hierarchical Navigable…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Ganap Ashit Tewary , Nrusinga Charan Gantayat , Jeff Zhang

Vector representations and vector space modeling (VSM) play a central role in modern machine learning. We propose a novel approach to `vector similarity searching' over dense semantic representations of words and documents that can be…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2017-06-06 Jan Rygl , Jan Pomikálek , Radim Řehůřek , Michal Růžička , Vít Novotný , Petr Sojka

Many recent approaches of passage retrieval are using dense embeddings generated from deep neural models, called "dense passage retrieval". The state-of-the-art end-to-end dense passage retrieval systems normally deploy a deep neural model…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Yifan Wang , Haodi Ma , Daisy Zhe Wang