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Current instance segmentation models achieve high performance on average predictions, but lack principled uncertainty quantification: their outputs are not calibrated, and there is no guarantee that a predicted mask is close to the ground…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Kerri Lu , Dan M. Kluger , Stephen Bates , Sherrie Wang

Instance segmentation with neural networks is an essential task in environment perception. In many works, it has been observed that neural networks can predict false positive instances with high confidence values and true positives with low…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Kira Maag , Matthias Rottmann , Serin Varghese , Fabian Hueger , Peter Schlicht , Hanno Gottschalk

The softmax representation of probabilities for categorical variables plays a prominent role in modern machine learning with numerous applications in areas such as large scale classification, neural language modeling and recommendation…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-11-01 Michalis K. Titsias

Simultaneous segmentation and classification of nuclei in digital histology play an essential role in computer-assisted cancer diagnosis; however, it remains challenging. The highest achieved binary and multi-class Panoptic Quality (PQ)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-29 Ibtihaj Ahmad , Syed Muhammad Israr , Zain Ul Islam

Semantic segmentation aims to robustly predict coherent class labels for entire regions of an image. It is a scene understanding task that powers real-world applications (e.g., autonomous navigation). One important application, the use of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-16 Yuxiang Zhang , Sachin Mehta , Anat Caspi

Point cloud panoptic segmentation is a challenging task that seeks a holistic solution for both semantic and instance segmentation to predict groupings of coherent points. Previous approaches treat semantic and instance segmentation as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-01 Shihao Su , Jianyun Xu , Huanyu Wang , Zhenwei Miao , Xin Zhan , Dayang Hao , Xi Li

We present a novel end-to-end single-shot method that segments countable object instances (things) as well as background regions (stuff) into a non-overlapping panoptic segmentation at almost video frame rate. Current state-of-the-art…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-01 Mark Weber , Jonathon Luiten , Bastian Leibe

We present Panoptic-DeepLab, a bottom-up and single-shot approach for panoptic segmentation. Our Panoptic-DeepLab is conceptually simple and delivers state-of-the-art results. In particular, we adopt the dual-ASPP and dual-decoder…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-10-25 Bowen Cheng , Maxwell D. Collins , Yukun Zhu , Ting Liu , Thomas S. Huang , Hartwig Adam , Liang-Chieh Chen

Industrial bin picking is a challenging task that requires accurate and robust segmentation of individual object instances. Particularly, industrial objects can have irregular shapes, that is, thin and concave, whereas in bin-picking…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-08 Yidan Feng , Biqi Yang , Xianzhi Li , Chi-Wing Fu , Rui Cao , Kai Chen , Qi Dou , Mingqiang Wei , Yun-Hui Liu , Pheng-Ann Heng

Image segmentation is a critical step in computational biomedical image analysis, typically evaluated using metrics like the Dice coefficient during training and validation. However, in clinical settings without manual annotations,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Sikha O K , Meritxell Riera-Marín , Adrian Galdran , Javier García Lopez , Julia Rodríguez-Comas , Gemma Piella , Miguel A. González Ballester

Segmentation has emerged as a fundamental field of computer vision and natural language processing, which assigns a label to every pixel/feature to extract regions of interest from an image/text. To evaluate the performance of segmentation,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-11-14 Ben Dai , Chunlin Li

Semantic mapping based on the supervised object detectors is sensitive to image distribution. In real-world environments, the object detection and segmentation performance can lead to a major drop, preventing the use of semantic mapping in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Chuhao Liu , Ke Wang , Jieqi Shi , Zhijian Qiao , Shaojie Shen

In the semantic segmentation of street scenes the reliability of the prediction and therefore uncertainty measures are of highest interest. We present a method that generates for each input image a hierarchy of nested crops around the image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-10 Matthias Rottmann , Marius Schubert

Industrial surface defect inspection for sample-wise quality control (QC) must simultaneously decide whether a given sample contains defects and localize those defects spatially. In real production lines, extreme foreground-background…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Hang-Cheng Dong , Yibo Jiao , Fupeng Wei , Guodong Liu , Dong Ye , Bingguo Liu

General-purpose object-detection algorithms often dismiss the fine structure of detected objects. This can be traced back to how their proposed regions are evaluated. Our goal is to renegotiate the trade-off between the generality of these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-01 Azim Ahmadzadeh , Dustin J. Kempton , Yang Chen , Rafal A. Angryk

Most image segmentation algorithms are trained on binary masks formulated as a classification task per pixel. However, in applications such as medical imaging, this "black-and-white" approach is too constraining because the contrast between…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-19 Charley Gros , Andreanne Lemay , Julien Cohen-Adad

Advances in architectural design, data availability, and compute have driven remarkable progress in semantic segmentation. Yet, these models often rely on relaxed Bayesian assumptions, omitting critical uncertainty information needed for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-19 M. M. A. Valiuddin , R. J. G. van Sloun , C. G. A. Viviers , P. H. N. de With , F. van der Sommen

Panoptic segmentation is a key enabler for robotic perception, as it unifies semantic understanding with object-level reasoning. However, the increasing complexity of state-of-the-art models makes them unsuitable for deployment on…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Calvin Galagain , Martyna Poreba , François Goulette , Cyrill Stachniss

Accurate semantic segmentation models typically require significant computational resources, inhibiting their use in practical applications. Recent works rely on well-crafted lightweight models to achieve fast inference. However, these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-20 Danna Xue , Fei Yang , Pei Wang , Luis Herranz , Jinqiu Sun , Yu Zhu , Yanning Zhang

Instance segmentation on 3D point clouds is one of the most extensively researched areas toward the realization of autonomous cars and robots. Certain existing studies have split input point clouds into small regions such as 1m x 1m; one…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-30 Kosuke Arase , Yusuke Mukuta , Tatsuya Harada