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Discovering the governing laws underpinning physical and chemical phenomena is a key step towards understanding and ultimately controlling systems in science and engineering. We introduce Discovery of Dynamical Systems via Moving Horizon…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2022-08-31 Fernando Lejarza , Michael Baldea

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have achieved impressive performance across various tasks such as image captioning and visual question answer(VQA); however, they often struggle to accurately interpret depth information inherent in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Hao Yang , Hongbo Zhang , Yanyan Zhao , Bing Qin

Multi-modal large language models (MLLMs) have rapidly advanced in visual tasks, yet their spatial understanding remains limited to single images, leaving them ill-suited for physical-world applications that require multi-frame reasoning.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Runsen Xu , Weiyao Wang , Hao Tang , Xingyu Chen , Xiaodong Wang , Fu-Jen Chu , Matt Feiszli , Kevin J. Liang

Automatically and rapidly understanding Earth's surface is fundamental to our grasp of the living environment and informed decision-making. This underscores the need for a unified system with comprehensive capabilities in analyzing Earth's…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-15 Zhenshi Li , Dilxat Muhtar , Feng Gu , Xueliang Zhang , Pengfeng Xiao , Guangjun He , Xiaoxiang Zhu

Discovering physical laws directly from high-dimensional visual data is a long-standing human pursuit but remains a formidable challenge for machines, representing a fundamental goal of scientific intelligence. This task is inherently…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Ruikun Li , Jun Yao , Yingfan Hua , Shixiang Tang , Biqing Qi , Bin Liu , Wanli Ouyang , Yan Lu

Multimodal Small-to-Medium sized Language Models (MSLMs) have demonstrated strong capabilities in integrating visual and textual information but still face significant limitations in visual comprehension and mathematical reasoning,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Ashutosh Bajpai , Akshat Bhandari , Akshay Nambi , Tanmoy Chakraborty

Language-guided embodied navigation requires an agent to interpret object-referential instructions, search across multiple rooms, localize the referenced target, and execute reliable motion toward it. Existing systems remain limited in real…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Zhongyuang Liu , Min He , Shaonan Yu , Xinhang Xu , Muqing Cao , Jianping Li , Jianfei Yang , Lihua Xie

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant capabilities in mathematical reasoning, particularly with text-based mathematical problems. However, current multi-modal large language models (MLLMs), especially those specialized…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Zhen Yang , Jinhao Chen , Zhengxiao Du , Wenmeng Yu , Weihan Wang , Wenyi Hong , Zhihuan Jiang , Bin Xu , Jie Tang

Moving objects to find a fully-occluded target object, known as mechanical search, is a challenging problem in robotics. As objects are often organized semantically, we conjecture that semantic information about object relationships can…

Pre-trained on extensive text and image corpora, current Multi-Modal Large Language Models (MLLM) have shown strong capabilities in general visual reasoning tasks. However, their performance is still lacking in physical domains that require…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Erle Zhu , Yadi Liu , Zhe Zhang , Xujun Li , Jin Zhou , Xinjie Yu , Minlie Huang , Hongning Wang

Vision language models (VLMs) exhibit vast knowledge of the physical world, including intuition of physical and spatial properties, affordances, and motion. With fine-tuning, VLMs can also natively produce robot trajectories. We demonstrate…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-16 William Xie , Max Conway , Yutong Zhang , Nikolaus Correll

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have remarkably progressed in analyzing and understanding images. Despite these advancements, accurately regressing values in charts remains an underexplored area for MLLMs. For visualization, how do…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Rami Huu Nguyen , Kenichi Maeda , Mahsa Geshvadi , Daniel Haehn

Trained with an unprecedented scale of data, large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT and GPT-4 exhibit the emergence of significant reasoning abilities from model scaling. Such a trend underscored the potential of training LLMs with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-20 Gengze Zhou , Yicong Hong , Qi Wu

3D visual grounding is a critical skill for household robots, enabling them to navigate, manipulate objects, and answer questions based on their environment. While existing approaches often rely on extensive labeled data or exhibit…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-22 Jianing Yang , Xuweiyi Chen , Shengyi Qian , Nikhil Madaan , Madhavan Iyengar , David F. Fouhey , Joyce Chai

Multi-modal large language models (MLLMs) have enabled numerous advances in understanding and reasoning in domains like vision, but we have not yet seen this broad success for time-series. Although prior works on time-series MLLMs have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Winnie Chow , Lauren Gardiner , Haraldur T. Hallgrímsson , Maxwell A. Xu , Shirley You Ren

The advances in Vision-Language models (VLMs) offer exciting opportunities for robotic applications involving image geo-localization, the problem of identifying the geo-coordinates of a place based on visual data only. Recent research works…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-29 Sania Waheed , Bruno Ferrarini , Michael Milford , Sarvapali D. Ramchurn , Shoaib Ehsan

Large language models (LLMs) have shown promising results in learning and contextualizing information from different forms of data. Recent advancements in foundational models, particularly those employing self-attention mechanisms, have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Devashish Vikas Gupta , Azeez Syed Ali Ishaqui , Divya Kiran Kadiyala

Large language models (LLMs) provide powerful means to leverage prior knowledge for predictive modeling when data is limited. In this work, we demonstrate how LLMs can use their compressed world knowledge to generate intrinsically…

Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated strong capabilities in general-purpose perception and reasoning, but they still struggle with tasks that require spatial understanding of the 3D world. To address this, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Zhanpeng Luo , Ce Zhang , Silong Yong , Cunxi Dai , Qianwei Wang , Haoxi Ran , Guanya Shi , Katia Sycara , Yaqi Xie

The rapid progress of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) has unlocked the potential for enhanced 3D scene understanding and spatial reasoning. A recent line of work explores learning spatial reasoning directly from multi-view images,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Kanghee Lee , Injae Lee , Minseok Kwak , Jungi Hong , Kwonyoung Ryu , Jaesik Park