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Related papers: Terminators: Terms of Service Parsing and Auditing…

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Legal contracts govern much of our society, but their specialized language is difficult for non-experts to read. While AI has enabled simplification of complex language, legal contracts pose unique challenges because of their connection to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Ziheng Huang , Tal August , Hari Sundaram

Countless terms of service (ToS) are being signed everyday by users all over the world while interacting with all kinds of apps and websites. More often than not, these online contracts spanning double-digit pages are signed blindly by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-09 Mirgita Frasheri , Arian Bakhtiarnia , Lukas Esterle , Alexandros Iosifidis

In general, Terms of Service (ToS) and other policy documents are verbose and full of legal jargon, which poses challenges for users to understand. To improve user accessibility and transparency, the "Terms of Service; Didn't Read" (ToS;DR)…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Shikha Soneji , Sourav Panda , Sameer Neve , Jonathan Dodge

Legal decisions should be logical and based on statutory laws. While large language models(LLMs) are good at understanding legal text, they cannot provide verifiable justifications. We present L4L, a solver-centric framework that enforces…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Linze Chen , Yufan Cai , Zhe Hou , Jin Song Dong

We examine one particular dimension of AI governance: how to monitor and audit AI-enabled products and services throughout the AI development lifecycle, from pre-deployment testing to post-deployment auditing. Combining principles from…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Parand A. Alamdari , Toryn Q. Klassen , Sheila A. McIlraith

Text simplification (TS) refers to the process of reducing the complexity of a text while retaining its original meaning and key information. Existing work only shows that large language models (LLMs) have outperformed supervised…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Jipeng Qiang , Minjiang Huang , Yi Zhu , Yunhao Yuan , Chaowei Zhang , Kui Yu

Large Language Model (LLM) agents hold promise for a flexible and scalable alternative to traditional business process automation, but struggle to reliably follow complex company policies. In this study we introduce a deterministic,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Naama Zwerdling , David Boaz , Ella Rabinovich , Guy Uziel , David Amid , Ateret Anaby-Tavor

Legal reasoning requires both precise interpretation of statutory language and consistent application of complex rules, presenting significant challenges for AI systems. This paper introduces a modular multi-agent framework that decomposes…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Albert Sadowski , Jarosław A. Chudziak

This study presents a modular, multi-agent system for the automated review of highly structured enterprise business documents using AI agents. Unlike prior solutions focused on unstructured texts or limited compliance checks, this framework…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Sudip Dasgupta , Himanshu Shankar

Unilateral contracts, such as terms of service, play a substantial role in modern digital life. However, few users read these documents before accepting the terms within, as they are too long and the language too complicated. We propose the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-11 Laura Manor , Junyi Jessy Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) are transforming artificial intelligence, enabling autonomous agents to perform diverse tasks across various domains. These agents, proficient in human-like text comprehension and generation, have the potential…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-04-10 Saikat Barua

Multi-agent strategies have emerged as a promising approach to enhance the reasoning abilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) by assigning specialized roles in the problem-solving process. Concurrently, Tree of Thoughts (ToT) methods have…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Fatemeh Haji , Mazal Bethany , Maryam Tabar , Jason Chiang , Anthony Rios , Peyman Najafirad

This paper reviews the architecture and implementation methods of agents powered by large language models (LLMs). Motivated by the limitations of traditional LLMs in real-world tasks, the research aims to explore patterns to develop…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Victor de Lamo Castrillo , Habtom Kahsay Gidey , Alexander Lenz , Alois Knoll

We present a comprehensive approach to the automated formalization of legal texts using large language models (LLMs), targeting their transformation into Defeasible Deontic Logic (DDL). Our method employs a structured pipeline that segments…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Elias Horner , Cristinel Mateis , Guido Governatori , Agata Ciabattoni

Researchers face a critical choice: how to use -- or not use -- large language models in their work. Using them well requires understanding the mechanisms that shape what LLMs can and cannot do. This chapter makes LLMs comprehensible…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Daniele Barolo

Enterprise analytics aims to make organizational data accessible for decision-making, yet non-technical users still face barriers when using traditional business intelligence tools or Text-to-SQL systems. While recent Text-to-SQL approaches…

This article presents a modular, component-based architecture for developing and evaluating AI agents that bridge the gap between natural language interfaces and complex enterprise data warehouses. The system directly addresses core…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Nooshin Bahador

AI coding assistants and autonomous agents are becoming integral to software development workflows, reshaping how code is produced, reviewed, and maintained. While recent research has focused mainly on the capabilities and impacts of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Christoph Treude

Large language models (LLMs) represent a major advance in artificial intelligence (AI) research. However, the widespread use of LLMs is also coupled with significant ethical and social challenges. Previous research has pointed towards…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-28 Jakob Mökander , Jonas Schuett , Hannah Rose Kirk , Luciano Floridi

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong capabilities in interpreting lengthy, complex legal and policy language. However, their reliability can be undermined by hallucinations and inconsistencies, particularly when analyzing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Rhitabrat Pokharel , Hamid Reza Hassanzadeh , Ameeta Agrawal
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