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AI agents powered by reasoning models require access to sensitive user data. However, their reasoning traces are difficult to control, which can result in the unintended leakage of private information to external parties. We propose…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Haritz Puerto , Haonan Li , Xudong Han , Timothy Baldwin , Iryna Gurevych

Preserving data confidentiality during the fine-tuning of open-source Large Language Models (LLMs) is crucial for sensitive applications. This work introduces an interactive protocol adapting the Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) technique for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Jordan Frery , Roman Bredehoft , Jakub Klemsa , Arthur Meyre , Andrei Stoian

The rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) has created a critical gap in consumer protection due to the lack of standardized certification processes for LLM-powered Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems. This paper argues that…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-02-07 Wesley Pasfield

In the current rapidly changing digital environment, businesses are under constant stress to ensure that their systems are secured. Security audits help to maintain a strong security posture by ensuring that policies are in place, controls…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Jia Hui Chin , Pu Zhang , Yu Xin Cheong , Jonathan Pan

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly applied in fields such as finance, education, and governance due to their ability to generate human-like text and adapt to specialized tasks. However, their widespread adoption raises critical…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Yu Wang , Cailing Cai , Zhihua Xiao , Peifung E. Lam

Recent advancements in Artificial Intelligence, and particularly Large Language Models (LLMs), offer promising prospects for aiding system administrators in managing the complexity of modern networks. However, despite this potential, a…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-08-01 Denis Donadel , Francesco Marchiori , Luca Pajola , Mauro Conti

As AI agents become integral to enterprise workflows, their reliance on shared tool libraries and pre-trained components creates significant supply chain vulnerabilities. While previous work has demonstrated behavioral backdoor detection…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Arun Chowdary Sanna

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) is one of the most widely used techniques for fine-tuning large language models (LLMs). By introducing a small number of trainable low-rank weight matrices, LoRA substantially reduces the number of parameters that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Seokmin Ko

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) on specialized domain datasets has shown improved performance when large language models (LLMs) are fine-tuned for generating responses to user queries. In this study, we develop a cybersecurity…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Varun Badrinath Krishna

The insurance industry is undergoing a paradigm shift through the adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, particularly in the realm of intelligent conversational agents. Chatbots have evolved into sophisticated AI-driven…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Adam Bradley , John Hastings , Khandaker Mamun Ahmed

Fine-tuning has become a popular approach to adapting large foundational models to specific tasks. As the size of models and datasets grows, parameter-efficient fine-tuning techniques are increasingly important. One of the most widely used…

Operating Large Language Models (LLMs) on edge devices is increasingly challenged by limited communication bandwidth and strained computational and memory costs. Thus, cloud-assisted remote fine-tuning becomes indispensable. Nevertheless,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Shiyi Yang , Xiaoxue Yu , Rongpeng Li , Jianhang Zhu , Zhifeng Zhao , Honggang Zhang

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) on private, on-device data can empower tailored personalized AI agents. However, fine-tuning LLMs on resource-constrained edge devices faces significant challenges, including excessive computation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Jian Ma , Xinchen Lyu , Jun Jiang , Qimei Cui , Haipeng Yao , Xiaofeng Tao

Individuals are increasingly relying on large language model (LLM)-enabled conversational agents for emotional support. While prior research has examined privacy and security issues in chatbots specifically designed for mental health…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Jabari Kwesi , Jiaxun Cao , Riya Manchanda , Pardis Emami-Naeini

The advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) has led to significant improvements in various service domains, including search, recommendation, and chatbot applications. However, applying state-of-the-art (SOTA) research to industrial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Chiwan Park , Wonjun Jang , Daeryong Kim , Aelim Ahn , Kichang Yang , Woosung Hwang , Jihyeon Roh , Hyerin Park , Hyosun Wang , Min Seok Kim , Jihoon Kang

In this work, we study how to best utilize pre-trained LLMs for automatic speech recognition. Specifically, we compare the tight integration of an acoustic model (AM) with the LLM ("speech LLM") to the traditional way of combining AM and…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-17 Robin Schmitt , Albert Zeyer , Mohammad Zeineldeen , Ralf Schlüter , Hermann Ney

Liquid cooling is critical for thermal management in high-density data centers with the rising AI workloads. However, machine learning-based controllers are essential to unlock greater energy efficiency and reliability, promoting…

Low-rank adaptation of language models has been proposed to reduce the computational and memory overhead of fine-tuning pre-trained language models. LoRA incorporates trainable low-rank matrices into some parameters of the pre-trained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Saber Malekmohammadi , Golnoosh Farnadi

Running Large Language Models (LLMs) on edge devices is constrained by high compute and memory demands posing a barrier for real-time applications in sectors like healthcare, education, and embedded systems. Current solutions such as…

The availability of Large Language Models (LLMs) has led to a new generation of powerful chatbots that can be developed at relatively low cost. As companies deploy these tools, security challenges need to be addressed to prevent financial…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Ahmad Alobaid , Martí Jordà Roca , Carlos Castillo , Joan Vendrell