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Knowledge-intensive tasks, particularly open-domain question answering (ODQA), document reranking, and retrieval-augmented language modeling, require a balance between retrieval accuracy and generative flexibility. Traditional retrieval…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Abdelrahman Abdallah , Jamshid Mozafari , Bhawna Piryani , Mohammed Ali , Adam Jatowt

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved impressive progress in natural language processing, but their limited ability to retain long-term context constrains performance on document-level or multi-turn tasks. Retrieval-Augmented…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Zhangyu Wang , Siyuan Gao , Rong Zhou , Hao Wang , Li Ning

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enhances Large Language Models (LLMs) by integrating external knowledge bases, achieving state-of-the-art results in various coding tasks. The core of RAG is retrieving demonstration examples, which is…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Pengfei He , Shaowei Wang , Shaiful Chowdhury , Tse-Hsun Chen

Transforming unstructured text into structured data is a complex task, requiring semantic understanding, reasoning, and structural comprehension. While Large Language Models (LLMs) offer potential, they often struggle with handling…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Rajmohan C , Sarthak Harne , Arvind Agarwal

The rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs) has sparked interest in data synthesis techniques, aiming to generate diverse and high-quality synthetic datasets. However, these synthetic datasets often suffer from a lack of diversity…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-09 Himanshu Gupta , Kevin Scaria , Ujjwala Anantheswaran , Shreyas Verma , Mihir Parmar , Saurabh Arjun Sawant , Chitta Baral , Swaroop Mishra

Data is a central component of machine learning and causal inference tasks. The availability of large amounts of data from sources such as open data repositories, data lakes and data marketplaces creates an opportunity to augment data and…

Databases · Computer Science 2023-04-19 Sainyam Galhotra , Yue Gong , Raul Castro Fernandez

Tables are an important form of structured data for both human and machine readers alike, providing answers to questions that cannot, or cannot easily, be found in texts. Recent work has designed special models and training paradigms for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-23 Zhiruo Wang , Zhengbao Jiang , Eric Nyberg , Graham Neubig

Retrieval-Augmented Generation allows to enhance Large Language Models with external knowledge. In response to the recent popularity of generative LLMs, many RAG approaches have been proposed, which involve an intricate number of different…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-02 David Rau , Hervé Déjean , Nadezhda Chirkova , Thibault Formal , Shuai Wang , Vassilina Nikoulina , Stéphane Clinchant

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) is a powerful technique that enhances downstream task execution by retrieving additional information, such as knowledge, skills, and tools from external sources. Graph, by its intrinsic "nodes connected…

A large amount of information is stored in data tables. Users can search for data tables using a keyword-based query. A table is composed primarily of data values that are organized in rows and columns providing implicit structural…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-03-29 Mohamed Trabelsi , Zhiyu Chen , Shuo Zhang , Brian D. Davison , Jeff Heflin

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) struggles on long, structured financial filings where relevant evidence is sparse and cross-referenced. This paper presents a systematic investigation of advanced metadata-driven Retrieval-Augmented…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Michail Dadopoulos , Anestis Ladas , Stratos Moschidis , Ioannis Negkakis

While Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) achieve spectacular results on unstructured data like images, there is still a gap on tabular data, data for which state of the art supervised learning still favours to a large extent decision…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-14 Richard Nock , Mathieu Guillame-Bert

Table retrieval is essential for accessing information stored in structured tabular formats; however, it remains less explored than text retrieval. The content of the table primarily consists of phrases and words, which include a large…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Da Li , Keping Bi , Jiafeng Guo , Xueqi Cheng

This paper focuses on the dynamic optimization of the Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) architecture. It proposes a state-aware dynamic knowledge retrieval mechanism to enhance semantic understanding and knowledge scheduling efficiency…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Jacky He , Guiran Liu , Binrong Zhu , Hanlu Zhang , Hongye Zheng , Xiaokai Wang

Generative retrieval shed light on a new paradigm of document retrieval, aiming to directly generate the identifier of a relevant document for a query. While it takes advantage of bypassing the construction of auxiliary index structures,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Sunkyung Lee , Minjin Choi , Jongwuk Lee

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems rely critically on the retriever module to surface relevant context for large language models. Although numerous retrievers have recently been proposed, each built on different ranking principles…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Wenqing Zheng , Dmitri Kalaev , Noah Fatsi , Daniel Barcklow , Owen Reinert , Igor Melnyk , Senthil Kumar , C. Bayan Bruss

The goal of text ranking is to generate an ordered list of texts retrieved from a corpus in response to a query. Although the most common formulation of text ranking is search, instances of the task can also be found in many natural…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-08-20 Jimmy Lin , Rodrigo Nogueira , Andrew Yates

Large pre-trained language models have been shown to store factual knowledge in their parameters, and achieve state-of-the-art results when fine-tuned on downstream NLP tasks. However, their ability to access and precisely manipulate…

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems combine document retrieval with a generative model to address complex information seeking tasks like report generation. While the relationship between retrieval quality and generation…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Saron Samuel , Alexander Martin , Eugene Yang , Andrew Yates , Dawn Lawrie , Laura Dietz , Benjamin Van Durme

Accurately retrieving relevant bid keywords for user queries is critical in Sponsored Search but remains challenging, particularly for short, ambiguous queries. Existing dense and generative retrieval models often fail to capture nuanced…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-10-21 Akash Kumar Mohankumar , Gururaj K , Gagan Madan , Amit Singh