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Related papers: ProxyPrompt: Securing System Prompts against Promp…

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We address the problem of reward hacking, where maximising a proxy reward does not necessarily increase the true reward. This is a key concern for Large Language Models (LLMs), as they are often fine-tuned on human preferences that may not…

LLM agents are widely used as agents for customer support, content generation, and code assistance. However, they are vulnerable to prompt injection attacks, where adversarial inputs manipulate the model's behavior. Traditional defenses…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Zhilong Wang , Neha Nagaraja , Lan Zhang , Hayretdin Bahsi , Pawan Patil , Peng Liu

In the realm of black-box jailbreak attacks on large language models (LLMs), the feasibility of constructing a narrow safety proxy, a lightweight model designed to predict the attack success rate (ASR) of adversarial prompts, remains…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Tianyu Zhang , Zihang Xi , Jingyu Hua , Sheng Zhong

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in agentic systems that interact with an untrusted environment. However, LLM agents are vulnerable to prompt injection attacks when handling untrusted data. In this paper we propose…

The evolution of Generative AI and the capabilities of the newly released Large Language Models (LLMs) open new opportunities in software engineering. However, they also lead to new challenges in cybersecurity. Recently, researchers have…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-08 Mika Beckerich , Laura Plein , Sergio Coronado

Large Language Model (LLM)-based agents employ external and internal memory systems to handle complex, goal-oriented tasks, yet this exposes them to severe extraction attacks, and effective defenses remain lacking. In this paper, we propose…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Yuhao Wang , Shengfang Zhai , Guanghao Jin , Yinpeng Dong , Linyi Yang , Jiaheng Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are vulnerable to attacks like prompt injection, backdoor attacks, and adversarial attacks, which manipulate prompts or models to generate harmful outputs. In this paper, departing from traditional deep learning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Huawei Lin , Yingjie Lao , Tong Geng , Tan Yu , Weijie Zhao

The adoption of large language models (LLMs) in many applications, from customer service chat bots and software development assistants to more capable agentic systems necessitates research into how to secure these systems. Attacks like…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Erick Galinkin , Martin Sablotny

Prompt injection and jailbreaking attacks pose persistent security challenges to large language model (LLM)-based systems. We present PromptScreen, an efficient and systematically evaluated defense architecture that mitigates these threats…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Akshaj Prashanth Rao , Advait Singh , Saumya Kumaar Saksena , Dhruv Kumar

Large Language Models (LLMs), renowned for their superior proficiency in language comprehension and generation, stimulate a vibrant ecosystem of applications around them. However, their extensive assimilation into various services…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Yi Liu , Gelei Deng , Yuekang Li , Kailong Wang , Zihao Wang , Xiaofeng Wang , Tianwei Zhang , Yepang Liu , Haoyu Wang , Yan Zheng , Leo Yu Zhang , Yang Liu

Writing effective prompts for large language models (LLM) can be unintuitive and burdensome. In response, services that optimize or suggest prompts have emerged. While such services can reduce user effort, they also introduce a risk: the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Weiran Lin , Anna Gerchanovsky , Omer Akgul , Lujo Bauer , Matt Fredrikson , Zifan Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown outstanding performance across a variety of tasks, partly due to advanced prompting techniques. However, these techniques often require lengthy prompts, which increase computational costs and can…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Jinwu Hu , Wei Zhang , Yufeng Wang , Yu Hu , Bin Xiao , Mingkui Tan , Qing Du

In large language models (LLM)-based recommendation systems (LLM-RSs), accurately predicting user preferences by leveraging the general knowledge of LLMs is possible without requiring extensive training data. By converting recommendation…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Genki Kusano , Kosuke Akimoto , Kunihiro Takeoka

The increasing reliance on Large Language Models (LLMs) across academia and industry necessitates a comprehensive understanding of their robustness to prompts. In response to this vital need, we introduce PromptRobust, a robustness…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Kaijie Zhu , Jindong Wang , Jiaheng Zhou , Zichen Wang , Hao Chen , Yidong Wang , Linyi Yang , Wei Ye , Yue Zhang , Neil Zhenqiang Gong , Xing Xie

This report presents a real-world case study demonstrating how prompt injection can attack large language model platforms such as ChatGPT according to a proposed injection framework. By providing three real-world examples, we show how…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-24 Xiangyu Chang , Guang Dai , Hao Di , Haishan Ye

Large Language Models (LLMs) have gained widespread use in various applications due to their powerful capability to generate human-like text. However, prompt injection attacks, which involve overwriting a model's original instructions with…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-07 Jiahao Yu , Yangguang Shao , Hanwen Miao , Junzheng Shi

With the growing adoption of Large Language Models (LLMs) in critical areas, ensuring their security against jailbreaking attacks is paramount. While traditional defenses primarily rely on refusing malicious prompts, recent logit-level…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Yassine Rachidy , Jihad Rbaiti , Youssef Hmamouche , Faissal Sehbaoui , Amal El Fallah Seghrouchni

Automated log analysis is crucial in modern software-intensive systems for facilitating program comprehension throughout software maintenance and engineering life cycles. Existing methods perform tasks such as log parsing and log anomaly…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-01-29 Yilun Liu , Shimin Tao , Weibin Meng , Jingyu Wang , Wenbing Ma , Yanqing Zhao , Yuhang Chen , Hao Yang , Yanfei Jiang , Xun Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) guardrail systems are designed to protect against prompt injection and jailbreak attacks. However, they remain vulnerable to evasion techniques. We demonstrate two approaches for bypassing LLM prompt injection…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-15 William Hackett , Lewis Birch , Stefan Trawicki , Neeraj Suri , Peter Garraghan

LLM-integrated applications are vulnerable to prompt injection attacks, where an attacker contaminates the input to inject malicious instructions, causing the LLM to follow the attacker's intent instead of the original user's. Existing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Wei Zou , Yupei Liu , Yanting Wang , Ying Chen , Neil Gong , Jinyuan Jia