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In emergency situations, every second counts. The deployment of Large Language Models (LLMs) in time-sensitive, low or zero-connectivity environments remains limited. Current models are computationally intensive and unsuitable for low-tier…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Saiyma Sittul Muna , Rezwan Islam Salvi , Mushfiqur Rahman Mushfique , Ajwad Abrar

POI representation learning plays a crucial role in handling tasks related to user mobility data. Recent studies have shown that enriching POI representations with multimodal information can significantly enhance their task performance.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Jiawei Cheng , Jingyuan Wang , Yichuan Zhang , Jiahao Ji , Yuanshao Zhu , Zhibo Zhang , Xiangyu Zhao

We introduce REALTIME QA, a dynamic question answering (QA) platform that announces questions and evaluates systems on a regular basis (weekly in this version). REALTIME QA inquires about the current world, and QA systems need to answer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-29 Jungo Kasai , Keisuke Sakaguchi , Yoichi Takahashi , Ronan Le Bras , Akari Asai , Xinyan Yu , Dragomir Radev , Noah A. Smith , Yejin Choi , Kentaro Inui

Spatial reasoning is a fundamental capability of multimodal large language models (MLLMs), yet their performance in open aerial environments remains underexplored. In this work, we present Open3D-VQA, a novel benchmark for evaluating MLLMs'…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Weichen Zhang , Zile Zhou , Xin Zeng , Xuchen Liu , Jianjie Fang , Chen Gao , Yong Li , Jinqiang Cui , Xinlei Chen , Xiao-Ping Zhang

Understanding human mobility behavior is crucial for numerous applications, including crowd management, location-based recommendations, and the estimation of pandemic spread. Machine learning models can predict the Points of Interest (POIs)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Ziyao Li , Shang-Ling Hsu , Cyrus Shahabi

Spatial reasoning is an essential problem in embodied AI research. Efforts to enhance spatial reasoning abilities through supplementary spatial data and fine-tuning have proven limited and ineffective when addressing complex embodied tasks,…

The zero-shot chain of thought (CoT) approach is often used in question answering (QA) by language models (LMs) for tasks that require multiple reasoning steps. However, some QA tasks hinge more on accessing relevant knowledge than on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Jiacan Yu , Hannah An , Lenhart K. Schubert

The rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) has sparked growing interest in their application to time series analysis tasks. However, their ability to perform complex reasoning over temporal data in real-world application domains…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Wen Ye , Jinbo Liu , Defu Cao , Wei Yang , Yan Liu

Next Point-of-Interest (POI) recommendation plays a crucial role in location-based services by predicting users' future mobility patterns. Existing methods typically compute a single user representation from historical trajectories and use…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Zhenyu Yu , Chunlei Meng , Yangchen Zeng , Mohd Yamani Idna Idris , Shuigeng Zhou

Knowledge Base Question Answering (KBQA) tasks that involve complex reasoning are emerging as an important research direction. However, most existing KBQA datasets focus primarily on generic multi-hop reasoning over explicit facts, largely…

We introduce FloorplanQA, a diagnostic benchmark for evaluating spatial reasoning in large language models (LLMs). FloorplanQA is grounded in structured representations of indoor scenes, such as (e.g., kitchens, living rooms, bedrooms,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Fedor Rodionov , Abdelrahman Eldesokey , Michael Birsak , John Femiani , Bernard Ghanem , Peter Wonka

Next Point-of-Interest (POI) recommendation is a fundamental task in location-based services. While recent advances leverage Large Language Model (LLM) for sequential modeling, existing LLM-based approaches face two key limitations: (i)…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Dongsheng Wang , Shen Gao , Chengrui Huang , Yuxi Huang , Ruixiang Feng , Shuo Shang

The wide spread of location-based social networks brings about a huge volume of user check-in data, which facilitates the recommendation of points of interest (POIs). Recent advances on distributed representation shed light on learning low…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2017-05-01 Bei Liu , Tieyun Qian , Bing Liu , Liang Hong , Zhenni You , Yuxiang Li

Intent, a critical cognitive notion and mental state, is ubiquitous in human communication and problem-solving. Accurately understanding the underlying intent behind questions is imperative to reasoning towards correct answers. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Yuwei Yin , Giuseppe Carenini

We introduce an extensive qualitative spatial and temporal reasoning (QSTR) benchmark for evaluating large language models (LLMs). We pose questions concerning compositional reasoning (using composition tables, CT), converse relations, and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Anthony G. Cohn , Robert E. Blackwell

Embodied Question Answering (EQA) connects perception, reasoning, and interaction within embodied environments. However, existing datasets and benchmarks remain fragmented, each focusing on a limited subset of reasoning skills such as…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Xicheng Gong , Qiwei Li , Peiran Xu , Yadong Mu

Recent advances in Natural Language Processing (NLP), and specifically automated Question Answering (QA) systems, have demonstrated both impressive linguistic fluency and a pernicious tendency to reflect social biases. In this study, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-08-05 Cécile Logé , Emily Ross , David Yaw Amoah Dadey , Saahil Jain , Adriel Saporta , Andrew Y. Ng , Pranav Rajpurkar

Many users communicate with chatbots and AI assistants in order to help them with various tasks. A key component of the assistant is the ability to understand and answer a user's natural language questions for question-answering (QA).…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-08 Anthony Colas , Trung Bui , Franck Dernoncourt , Moumita Sinha , Doo Soon Kim

Spatial question answering over egocentric video is a challenging task that requires Vision-Language Models (VLMs) to reason about 3D object positions, scene affordances, and directional relationships, particularly in the zero-shot setting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Pawat Chunhachatrachai , Gueter Josmy Faure , Hung-Ting Su , Winston H. Hsu

We introduce \textsc{ComplexTempQA},\footnote{Dataset and code available at: https://github.com/DataScienceUIBK/ComplexTempQA} a large-scale dataset consisting of over 100 million question-answer pairs designed to tackle the challenges in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Raphael Gruber , Abdelrahman Abdallah , Michael Färber , Adam Jatowt