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Recent years have witnessed a growing interest in automating labor-intensive and complex activities, i.e., those consisting of multiple atomic tasks, by deploying robots in dynamic and unpredictable environments such as industrial and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Francesco Argenziano , Elena Umili , Francesco Leotta , Daniele Nardi

With the advancement of Large-Language Models (LLMs) and Large Vision-Language Models (LVMs), agents have shown significant capabilities in various tasks, such as data analysis, gaming, or code generation. Recently, there has been a surge…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-05-09 Kihoon Son , Jinhyeon Kwon , DaEun Choi , Tae Soo Kim , Young-Ho Kim , Sangdoo Yun , Juho Kim

Recommender systems are widely used in online services, with embedding-based models being particularly popular due to their expressiveness in representing complex signals. However, these models often function as a black box, making them…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Yuxuan Lei , Jianxun Lian , Jing Yao , Xu Huang , Defu Lian , Xing Xie

Recent advances in robot learning have enabled robots to become increasingly better at mastering a predefined set of tasks. On the other hand, as humans, we have the ability to learn a growing set of tasks over our lifetime. Continual robot…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-12-21 Muhammad Burhan Hafez , Stefan Wermter

Reinforcement learning is applied to solve actual complex tasks from high-dimensional, sensory inputs. The last decade has developed a long list of reinforcement learning algorithms. Recent progress benefits from deep learning for raw…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-03-08 Yanfei Xiang , Xin Wang , Shu Hu , Bin Zhu , Xiaomeng Huang , Xi Wu , Siwei Lyu

Natural and formal languages provide an effective mechanism for humans to specify instructions and reward functions. We investigate how to generate policies via RL when reward functions are specified in a symbolic language captured by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-24 Andrew C. Li , Zizhao Chen , Pashootan Vaezipoor , Toryn Q. Klassen , Rodrigo Toro Icarte , Sheila A. McIlraith

Recent advances in vision-language models (VLMs) have enabled instruction-conditioned robotic systems with improved generalization. However, most existing work focuses on reactive System 1 policies, underutilizing VLMs' strengths in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Songhao Han , Boxiang Qiu , Yue Liao , Siyuan Huang , Chen Gao , Shuicheng Yan , Si Liu

The field of eXplainable artificial intelligence (XAI) has produced a plethora of methods (e.g., saliency-maps) to gain insight into artificial intelligence (AI) models, and has exploded with the rise of deep learning (DL). However,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-04-12 Marvin Pafla , Kate Larson , Mark Hancock

Reward design is a fundamental problem in reinforcement learning (RL). A misspecified or poorly designed reward can result in low sample efficiency and undesired behaviors. In this paper, we propose the idea of programmatic reward design,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-10 Weichao Zhou , Wenchao Li

The application of the Large Language Model (LLM) to robot action planning has been actively studied. The instructions given to the LLM by natural language may include ambiguity and lack of information depending on the task context. It is…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-19 Kazuki Hori , Kanata Suzuki , Tetsuya Ogata

In this paper, we present a planning system based on semantic reasoning for a general-purpose service robot, which is aimed at behaving more intelligently in domains that contain incomplete information, under-specified goals, and dynamic…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-11-03 Guowei Cui , Wei Shuai , Xiaoping Chen

Prospection, the act of predicting the consequences of many possible futures, is intrinsic to human planning and action, and may even be at the root of consciousness. Surprisingly, this idea has been explored comparatively little in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-04-03 Chris Paxton , Yotam Barnoy , Kapil Katyal , Raman Arora , Gregory D. Hager

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly integrated into high-stakes decision-making. Inspired by the theory of \emph{inattentional blindness} in human cognition, we investigate whether LLMs, trained on human-preferred corpora that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Yuanqing Cai , Ziyi Huang , Minhao Liu , Lixin Duan , Wen Li , Yanru Zhang

Large Language Models are increasingly proposed as cognitive components for robotic systems, yet their opaque decision processes make it difficult to explain success or failure in closed-loop embodied tasks. Following an empirical AI…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Oussama Zenkri , Oliver Brock

Large Language Models (LLMs) have gained popularity in task planning for long-horizon manipulation tasks. To enhance the validity of LLM-generated plans, visual demonstrations and online videos have been widely employed to guide the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Kejia Chen , Zheng Shen , Yue Zhang , Lingyun Chen , Fan Wu , Zhenshan Bing , Sami Haddadin , Alois Knoll

Traditional supervised learning mostly works on individual tasks and requires training on a large set of task-specific examples. This paradigm seriously hinders the development of task generalization since preparing a task-specific example…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Jiasheng Gu , Hongyu Zhao , Hanzi Xu , Liangyu Nie , Hongyuan Mei , Wenpeng Yin

Reasoning is a hallmark of human intelligence, enabling adaptive decision-making in complex and unfamiliar scenarios. In contrast, machine intelligence remains bound to training data, lacking the ability to dynamically refine solutions at…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Shaheer U. Saeed , Yipei Wang , Veeru Kasivisvanathan , Brian R. Davidson , Matthew J. Clarkson , Yipeng Hu , Daniel C. Alexander

Trained human pilots or operators still stand out through their efficient, robust, and versatile skills in guidance tasks such as driving agile vehicles in spatial environments or performing complex surgeries. This research studies how…

Robotics · Computer Science 2017-10-24 Abhishek Verma , Bérénice Mettler

Language-conditioned robot models have the potential to enable robots to perform a wide range of tasks based on natural language instructions. However, assessing their safety and effectiveness remains challenging because it is difficult to…

Large language models (LLMs) encode a vast amount of semantic knowledge and possess remarkable understanding and reasoning capabilities. Previous work has explored how to ground LLMs in robotic tasks to generate feasible and executable…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Yanjiang Guo , Yen-Jen Wang , Lihan Zha , Jianyu Chen