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Musical dynamics form a core part of expressive singing voice performances. However, automatic analysis of musical dynamics for singing voice has received limited attention partly due to the scarcity of suitable datasets and a lack of clear…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Jyoti Narang , Nazif Can Tamer , Viviana De La Vega , Xavier Serra

Human annotations of mood in music are essential for music generation and recommender systems. However, existing datasets predominantly focus on Western songs with terms derived from English, which may limit generalizability across diverse…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Harin Lee , Elif Çelen , Peter Harrison , Manuel Anglada-Tort , Pol van Rijn , Minsu Park , Marc Schönwiesner , Nori Jacoby

Lyric translation plays a pivotal role in amplifying the global resonance of music, bridging cultural divides, and fostering universal connections. Translating lyrics, unlike conventional translation tasks, requires a delicate balance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Haven Kim , Kento Watanabe , Masataka Goto , Juhan Nam

This paper introduces HarmonySet, a comprehensive dataset designed to advance video-music understanding. HarmonySet consists of 48,328 diverse video-music pairs, annotated with detailed information on rhythmic synchronization, emotional…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Zitang Zhou , Ke Mei , Yu Lu , Tianyi Wang , Fengyun Rao

Music representation learning is central to music information retrieval and generation. While recent advances in multimodal learning have improved alignment between text and audio for tasks such as cross-modal music retrieval, text-to-music…

The rise of singing voice synthesis presents critical challenges to artists and industry stakeholders over unauthorized voice usage. Unlike synthesized speech, synthesized singing voices are typically released in songs containing strong…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Yongyi Zang , You Zhang , Mojtaba Heydari , Zhiyao Duan

Music structure analysis (MSA) underpins music understanding and controllable generation, yet progress has been limited by small, inconsistent corpora. We present SongFormer, a scalable framework that learns from heterogeneous supervision.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-09 Chunbo Hao , Ruibin Yuan , Jixun Yao , Qixin Deng , Xinyi Bai , Yanbo Wang , Wei Xue , Lei Xie

As large language models continue to develop, the feasibility and significance of text-based symbolic music tasks have become increasingly prominent. While symbolic music has been widely used in generation tasks, LLM capabilities in…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Jiahao Zhao , Yunjia Li , Wei Li , Kazuyoshi Yoshii

Automatic Singing Assessment and Singing Information Processing have evolved over the past three decades to support singing pedagogy, performance analysis, and vocal training. While the first approach objectively evaluates a singer's…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-21 Arthur N. dos Santos , Bruno S. Masiero

Understanding complete musical scores entails integrated reasoning over pitch, rhythm, harmony, and large-scale structure, yet the ability of Large Language Models and Vision--Language Models to interpret full musical notation remains…

Music understanding is a complex task that often requires reasoning over both structural and semantic elements of audio. We introduce BASS, designed to evaluate music understanding and reasoning in audio language models across four broad…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Min Jang , Orevaoghene Ahia , Nazif Tamer , Sachin Kumar , Yulia Tsvetkov , Noah A. Smith

The central idea of this paper is to gain a deeper understanding of song lyrics computationally. We focus on two aspects: style and biases of song lyrics. All prior works to understand these two aspects are limited to manual analysis of a…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-07-19 Manash Pratim Barman , Amit Awekar , Sambhav Kothari

While there is no a priori definition of good singing voices, we tend to make consistent evaluations of the quality of singing almost instantaneously. Such an instantaneous evaluation might be based on the sound spectrum that can be…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-31 Akito Yoshida , Shigeru Shinomoto

Benchmark plays a pivotal role in assessing the advancements of large language models (LLMs). While numerous benchmarks have been proposed to evaluate LLMs' capabilities, there is a notable absence of a dedicated benchmark for assessing…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Jiajia Li , Lu Yang , Mingni Tang , Cong Chen , Zuchao Li , Ping Wang , Hai Zhao

Developing Large Language Models (LLMs) with robust long-context capabilities has been the recent research focus, resulting in the emergence of long-context LLMs proficient in Chinese. However, the evaluation of these models remains…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Zexuan Qiu , Jingjing Li , Shijue Huang , Xiaoqi Jiao , Wanjun Zhong , Irwin King

Distributional metrics such as Fr\'echet Audio Distance cannot score individual music clips and correlate poorly with human judgments, while the only per-sample learned metric achieving high human correlation is closed-source. We introduce…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Di Zhu , Zixuan Li

The lack of a publicly-available large-scale and diverse dataset has long been a significant bottleneck for singing voice applications like Singing Voice Synthesis (SVS) and Singing Voice Conversion (SVC). To tackle this problem, we present…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Yicheng Gu , Chaoren Wang , Junan Zhang , Xueyao Zhang , Zihao Fang , Haorui He , Zhizheng Wu

The emergence of novel generative modeling paradigms, particularly audio language models, has significantly advanced the field of song generation. Although state-of-the-art models are capable of synthesizing both vocals and accompaniment…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-29 Chenyu Yang , Shuai Wang , Hangting Chen , Jianwei Yu , Wei Tan , Rongzhi Gu , Yaoxun Xu , Yizhi Zhou , Haina Zhu , Haizhou Li

The rapid progress of text-to-image (T2I) models has unlocked unprecedented creative potential, yet their ability to faithfully render complex prompts involving multiple objects, attributes, and spatial relationships remains a significant…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Rishav Pramanik , Ian E. Nielsen , Jeff Smith , Saurav Pandit , Ravi P. Ramachandran , Zhaozheng Yin

Music is an integral part of human culture, embodying human intelligence and creativity, of which songs compose an essential part. While various aspects of song generation have been explored by previous works, such as singing voice, vocal…