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In the U.S. inpatient payment system, the Diagnosis-Related Group (DRG) is pivotal, but its assignment process is inefficient. The study introduces DRG-LLaMA, an advanced large language model (LLM) fine-tuned on clinical notes to enhance…

Prostate cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer deaths in men. There is a growing demand for noninvasively and accurately diagnostic methods that facilitate the current standard prostate cancer risk assessment in clinical…

PURPOSE: Deep learning methods for classifying prostate cancer (PCa) in ultrasound images typically employ convolutional networks (CNNs) to detect cancer in small regions of interest (ROI) along a needle trace region. However, this approach…

As the application of deep learning in dermatology continues to grow, the recognition of melanoma has garnered significant attention, demonstrating potential for improving diagnostic accuracy. Despite advancements in image classification…

Radiologists possess diverse training and clinical experiences, leading to variations in the segmentation annotations of lung nodules and resulting in segmentation uncertainty.Conventional methods typically select a single annotation as the…

Lung cancer stands as the preeminent cause of cancer-related mortality globally. Prompt and precise diagnosis, coupled with effective treatment, is imperative to reduce the fatality rates associated with this formidable disease. This study…

We present RMA-Mamba, a novel architecture that advances the capabilities of vision state space models through a specialized reverse mamba attention module (RMA). The key innovation lies in RMA-Mamba's ability to capture long-range…

Recent studies have shown promising results in using Deep Learning to detect malignancy in whole slide imaging. However, they were limited to just predicting positive or negative finding for a specific neoplasm. We attempted to use Deep…

Accurate cancer survival prediction requires integration of diverse data modalities that reflect the complex interplay between imaging, clinical parameters, and textual reports. However, existing multimodal approaches suffer from simplistic…

This study integrates PET metabolic information with CT anatomical structures to establish a 3D multimodal segmentation dataset for lymphoma based on whole-body FDG PET/CT examinations, which bridges the gap of the lack of standardised…

The deployment of vision-language models (VLMs) in dermatology is hindered by the trilemma of high computational costs, extreme data scarcity, and the black-box nature of deep learning. To address these challenges, we present SkinCLIP-VL, a…

The application of machine learning methods to analyze changes in gene expression patterns has recently emerged as a powerful approach in cancer research, enhancing our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underpinning cancer…

Recently, various deep learning methods have shown significant successes in medical image analysis, especially in the detection of cancer metastases in hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stained whole-slide images (WSIs). However, in order to…

Mitotic counting is a vital prognostic marker of tumor proliferation in breast cancer. Deep learning-based mitotic detection is on par with pathologists, but it requires large labeled data for training. We propose a deep classification…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have transformed both everyday life and scientific research. However, adapting LLMs from general-purpose models to specialized tasks remains challenging, particularly in resource-constrained environments.…

Melanoma is the most lethal form of skin cancer, with an increasing incidence rate worldwide. Analyzing histological images of melanoma by localizing and classifying tissues and cell nuclei is considered the gold standard method for…

Glioblastoma, a highly aggressive brain tumor with diverse molecular and pathological features, poses a diagnostic challenge due to its heterogeneity. Accurate diagnosis and assessment of this heterogeneity are essential for choosing the…

The exploration of cellular heterogeneity within the tumor microenvironment (TME) via single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) is essential for understanding cancer progression and response to therapy. Current scRNA-seq approaches, however,…

Ultrasound (US) is the primary imaging technique for the diagnosis of thyroid cancer. However, accurate identification of nodule malignancy is a challenging task that can elude less-experienced clinicians. Recently, many computer-aided…

Lung cancer, a malignancy originating in lung tissues, is commonly diagnosed and classified using medical imaging techniques, particularly computed tomography (CT). Despite the integration of machine learning and deep learning methods, the…