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Entropy production (EP) is a central measure in nonequilibrium thermodynamics, as it can quantify the irreversibility of a process as well as its energy dissipation in special cases. Using the time-reversal asymmetry in a system's path…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-04-26 Dong-Kyum Kim , Sangyun Lee , Hawoong Jeong

Entropy production is a universal measure of irreversibility and energy dissipation in physical, chemical, and biological systems operating far from equilibrium. However, quantifying and spatiotemporally localising it in complex processes…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-05-18 Biswajit Das , Sreekanth K Manikandan

Entropy in nonequilibrium statistical mechanics is investigated theoretically so as to extend the well-established equilibrium framework to open nonequilibrium systems. We first derive a microscopic expression of nonequilibrium entropy for…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-06-13 Takafumi Kita

The selection of an equilibrium state by maximising the entropy of a system, subject to certain constraints, is often powerfully motivated as an exercise in logical inference, a procedure where conclusions are reached on the basis of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-12-03 Ian J. Ford

Measuring entropy production of a system directly from the experimental data is highly desirable since it gives a quantifiable measure of the time-irreversibility for non-equilibrium systems and can be used as a cost function to optimize…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-07-16 Prashant Singh , Karel Proesmans

Entropy production is one of the most important characteristics of non-equilibrium steady states. We study here the steady-state entropy production, both at short times as well as in the long-time limit, of two important classes of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-05-27 Sven Dorosz , Michel Pleimling

Entropy production (EP) is known as a fundamental quantity for measuring the irreversibility of processes in thermal equilibrium and states far from equilibrium. In stochastic thermodynamics, the EP becomes more visible in terms of the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-06-24 Jaewoo Jung , Jaegon Um , Deokjae Lee , Yong W. Kim , D. Y. Lee , H. K. Pak , B. Kahng

The maximum entropy principle (MEP) apparently allows us to derive, or justify, fundamental results of equilibrium statistical mechanics. Because of this, a school of thought considers the MEP as a powerful and elegant way to make…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-12-09 Gennaro Auletta , Lamberto Rondoni , Angelo Vulpiani

The rate of entropy production by a stochastic process quantifies how far it is from thermodynamic equilibrium. Equivalently, entropy production captures the degree to which detailed balance and time-reversal symmetry are broken. Despite…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-12-02 Luca Cocconi , Rosalba Garcia-Millan , Zigan Zhen , Bianca Buturca , Gunnar Pruessner

This Letter presents a neural estimator for entropy production, or NEEP, that estimates entropy production (EP) from trajectories of relevant variables without detailed information on the system dynamics. For steady state, we rigorously…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-10-06 Dong-Kyum Kim , Youngkyoung Bae , Sangyun Lee , Hawoong Jeong

We discuss entropy production in nonequilibrium steady states by focusing on paths obtained by sampling at regular (small) intervals, instead of sampling on each change of the system's state. This allows us to study directly entropy…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2011-09-07 Daniel ben-Avraham , Sven Dorosz , Michel Pleimling

The entropy production is one of the most essential features for systems operating out of equilibrium. The formulation for discrete-state systems goes back to the celebrated Schnakenberg's work and hitherto can be carried out when for each…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-04-15 D. M. Busiello , D. Gupta , A. Maritan

Entropy is a central concept in physics, but can be challenging to calculate even for systems that are easily simulated. This is exacerbated out of equilibrium, where generally little is known about the distribution characterizing simulated…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-05-09 Samuel D. Gelman , Guy Cohen

The theory of entropy production in nonequilibrium, Hamiltonian systems, previously described for steady states using partitions of phase space, is here extended to time dependent systems relaxing to equilibrium. We illustrate the main…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2009-10-31 T. Gilbert , J. R. Dorfman , P. Gaspard

Entropy production is arguably the most universally applicable measure of non-equilibrium behavior, particularly for systems coupled to a heat bath. This setting encompasses driven soft matter as well as biomolecular, biochemical, and…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-12-09 Udo Seifert

Entropy production (EP) is a central quantity in nonequilibrium physics as it monitors energy dissipation, irreversibility, and free energy differences during thermodynamic transformations. Estimating EP, however, is challenging both…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-06-26 Jinghao Lyu , Kyle J. Ray , James P. Crutchfield

Observing stochastic trajectories with rare transitions between states, practically undetectable on time scales accessible to experiments, makes it impossible to directly quantify the entropy production and thus infer whether and how far…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-12-15 Marco Baiesi , Tomohiro Nishiyama , Gianmaria Falasco

The problem of estimating entropy production from incomplete information in stochastic thermodynamics is essential for theory and experiments. Whereas a considerable amount of work has been done on this topic, arguably, most of it is…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-12-17 Pedro E. Harunari , Carlos E. Fiore , Andre C. Barato

The rate of entropy production provides a useful quantitative measure of a non-equilibrium system and estimating it directly from time-series data from experiments is highly desirable. Several approaches have been considered for stationary…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-02-21 Shun Otsubo , Sreekanth K Manikandan , Takahiro Sagawa , Supriya Krishnamurthy

Understanding nonequilibrium systems and the consequences of irreversibility for the system's behavior as compared to the equilibrium case, is a fundamental question in statistical physics. Here, we investigate two types of nonequilbrium…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-10-26 Thomas Martynec , Sabine H. L. Klapp , Sarah A. M. Loos
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