Related papers: Thermodynamic Variational Principle Unifying Gravi…
We develop a formulation of global thermodynamics for equilibrium systems under the influence of gravity. The free energy for simple fluids is extended to include a dependence on $(T, V, N, mgL)$, where $L$ represents the vertical system…
The maximum entropy principle determines the values of thermodynamic variables in thermally isolated equilibrium systems. This paper extends the principle to a variational principle that applies to liquid-gas coexistence in heat conduction.…
We propose the concept of global temperature for spatially non-uniform heat conduction systems. With this novel quantity, we present an extended framework of thermodynamics for the whole system such that the fundamental relation of…
We study a liquid-gas coexistence system in a container under gravity with heat flow in the direction opposite to gravity. By molecular dynamics simulation, we find that the liquid buoys up and continues to float steadily. The height at…
We investigate the stability criterions for perfect fluid in $f(R)$ theories which is an important generalization of general relativity. Firstly, using Wald's general variation principle, we recast Seifert's work and obtain the dynamical…
A relativistic self-gravitating equilibrium system with steady flow as well as spherical symmetry is discovered. The energy-momentum tensor contains the contribution of a current related to the flow and the metric tensor does an…
A general thermodynamic treatment of dissipative relativistic fluids is introduced, where the temperature four vector is not parallel to the velocity field of the fluid. Generic stability and kinetic equilibrium points out a particular…
There is a long-standing question as to whether and to what extent it is possible to describe nonequilibrium systems in stationary states in terms of global thermodynamic functions. The positive answers have been obtained only for…
There is a common view in thermodynamics that the behavior of a macroscopic system can be described by only a few state variables. Although this is true for many cases, it is unclear whether it is meaningful to ask how many state variables…
Fluid dynamics accompanies with the entropy production thus increases the local temperature, which plays an important role in charged systems such as the ion channel in biological environment and electrodiffusion in capacitors/batteries. In…
We open the paper with introductory considerations describing the motivations of our long-term research plan targeting gravitomagnetism, illustrating the fluid-dynamics numerical test case selected for that purpose, that is, a perfect-gas…
According to maximum entropy principle, it has been proved that the gravitational field equations could be derived by the extrema of total entropy for perfect fluid, which implies that thermodynamic relations contain information of gravity.…
This paper is part of a bottom-up approach to gravitational thermodynamics that is guided by the axiomatic frameworks of equilibrium thermodynamics. We identify a novel form of the microcanonical distribution for systems in background…
In this second article of a series we propose to base criteria of stability on the hamiltonian functional that is provided by the variational principle, to replace the reliance that has often been placed on {\it ad hoc} definitions of the…
The search for thermodynamic admissibility moreover reveals a fundamental difference between liquids and gases in relativistic fluid dynamics, as the reversible convection mechanism is much simpler for liquids than for gases. In…
We describe a one-dimensional self-gravitating system derived from the problem of large-scale structure formation in cosmology. Considering small times so that the expansion can be neglected we present a thermodynamical analysis of this…
We apply the convection stability criterion to a fluid in global thermodynamic equilibrium with a rigid rotation or with a constant acceleration along the streamlines. Different equations of state describing strongly interacting matter are…
Thermodynamic principles are often deceptively simple and yet surprisingly powerful. We show how a simple rule, such as the net flow of energy in and out of a moving atom under nonequilibrium steady state condition, can expose the…
We propose a stochastic order parameter equation for describing phase coexistence in steady heat conduction near equilibrium. By analyzing the stochastic dynamics with a non-equilibrium adiabatic boundary condition, where total energy is…
We develop new variational principles to study stability and equilibrium of axisymmetric flows. We show that there is an infinite number of steady state solutions. We show that these steady states maximize a (non-universal) $H$-function. We…