English
Related papers

Related papers: Optimal Post-Hoc Theorizing

200 papers

We study the problem of causal discovery through targeted interventions. Starting from few observational measurements, we follow a Bayesian active learning approach to perform those experiments which, in expectation with respect to the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-10-10 Julius von Kügelgen , Paul K Rubenstein , Bernhard Schölkopf , Adrian Weller

Bayesian inference allows machine learning models to express uncertainty. Current machine learning models use only a single learnable parameter combination when making predictions, and as a result are highly overconfident when their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-23 Andrew Wood , Moshik Hershcovitch , Daniel Waddington , Sarel Cohen , Peter Chin

Familiar statistical tests and estimates are obtained by the direct observation of cases of interest: a clinical trial of a new drug, for instance, will compare the drug's effects on a relevant set of patients and controls. Sometimes,…

Methodology · Statistics 2010-12-09 Bradley Efron

A common assumption in machine learning is that training data are i.i.d. samples from some distribution. Processes that generate i.i.d. samples are, in a sense, uninformative---they produce data without regard to how good this data is for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-12-04 Long Ouyang , Michael C. Frank

This work lies in the fusion of experimental economics and data mining. It continues author's previous work on mining behaviour rules of human subjects from experimental data, where game-theoretic predictions partially fail to work.…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2012-11-13 Rustam Tagiew

Humans display a tendency to pay more attention to bad outcomes, often in a disproportionate way relative to their statistical occurrence. They also display euphorism, as well as a preference for the current state of affairs (status quo…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-03-24 Michel de Lara

Every philosophy has holes, and it is the responsibility of proponents of a philosophy to point out these problems. Here are a few holes in Bayesian data analysis: (1) the usual rules of conditional probability fail in the quantum realm,…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-11-12 Andrew Gelman , Yuling Yao

Sequential Bayesian experimental design typically assumes that the number of experiments is fixed before data collection begins. In practical campaigns, however, experimentation may need to terminate early because additional measurements…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-29 Chen Cheng , Xun Huan

We propose a new method for conducting Bayesian prediction that delivers accurate predictions without correctly specifying the unknown true data generating process. A prior is defined over a class of plausible predictive models. After…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-08-24 Ruben Loaiza-Maya , Gael M. Martin , David T. Frazier

Complexity and limited ability have profound effect on how we learn and make decisions under uncertainty. Using the theory of finite automaton to model belief formation, this paper studies the characteristics of optimal learning behavior in…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2023-03-31 Benson Tsz Kin Leung

The long-term impact of algorithmic decision making is shaped by the dynamics between the deployed decision rule and individuals' response. Focusing on settings where each individual desires a positive classification---including many…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2019-10-10 Lydia T. Liu , Ashia Wilson , Nika Haghtalab , Adam Tauman Kalai , Christian Borgs , Jennifer Chayes

Uncertainty in optimization is often represented as stochastic parameters in the optimization model. In Predict-Then-Optimize approaches, predictions of a machine learning model are used as values for such parameters, effectively…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Pieter Smet

In this work we study the optimal execution problem with multiplicative price impact in algorithm trading, when an agent holds an initial position of shares of a financial asset. The inter-selling-decision times are modelled by the arrival…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2018-05-04 Daniel Hernández-Hernández , Harold A. Moreno-Franco , José Luis Pérez

Stochastic dominance serves as a general framework for modeling a broad spectrum of decision preferences under uncertainty, with risk aversion as one notable example, as it naturally captures the intrinsic structure of the underlying…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Shicong Cen , Jincheng Mei , Hanjun Dai , Dale Schuurmans , Yuejie Chi , Bo Dai

We exhibit optimal control strategies for a simple toy problem in which the underlying dynamics depend on a parameter that is initially unknown and must be learned. We consider a cost function posed over a finite time interval, in contrast…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-02-27 Charles L. Fefferman , Bernat Guillen Pegueroles , Clarence W. Rowley , Melanie Weber

This paper develops a theory of learning under ambiguity induced by the decision maker's beliefs about the collection of data correlated with the true state of the world. Within our framework, two classical results on Bayesian learning…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2026-02-10 Cheaheon Lim

The predictions that quantum theory makes about the outcomes of measurements are generally probabilistic. This has raised the question whether quantum theory can be considered complete, or whether there could exist alternative theories that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-04-13 Roger Colbeck , Renato Renner

We consider a social planner faced with a stream of myopic selfish agents. The goal of the social planner is to maximize the social welfare, however, it is limited to using only information asymmetry (regarding previous outcomes) and cannot…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2019-05-15 Lee Cohen , Yishay Mansour

In Generalised Bayesian Inference (GBI), the learning rate and hyperparameters of the loss must be estimated. These inference-hyperparameters can't be estimated jointly with the other parameters, from the data, by giving them a prior.…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-18 Jeong Eun Lee , Sitong Liu , Geoff K. Nicholls

This position paper argues that the Baldwin effect is widely misunderstood by the evolutionary computation community. The misunderstandings appear to fall into two general categories. Firstly, it is commonly believed that the Baldwin effect…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Peter D. Turney