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We consider a remote inference system with multiple modalities, where a multimodal machine learning (ML) model performs real-time inference using features collected from remote sensors. When sensor observations evolve dynamically over time,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Keyuan Zhang , Yin Sun , Bo Ji

In the study, we present AMFusionNet, an innovative approach to infrared and visible image fusion (IVIF), harnessing the power of multiple kernel sizes and attention mechanisms. By assimilating thermal details from infrared images with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Qian Xu

Biological research has revealed that the verbal semantic information in the brain cortex, as an additional source, participates in nonverbal semantic tasks, such as visual encoding. However, previous visual encoding models did not…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-30 Shuxiao Ma , Linyuan Wang , Bin Yan

Multimodal representation learning poses significant challenges in capturing informative and distinct features from multiple modalities. Existing methods often struggle to exploit the unique characteristics of each modality due to unified…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-08 Cam-Van Thi Nguyen , Ngoc-Hoa Thi Nguyen , Duc-Trong Le , Quang-Thuy Ha

Many adaptations of transformers have emerged to address the single-modal vision tasks, where self-attention modules are stacked to handle input sources like images. Intuitively, feeding multiple modalities of data to vision transformers…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-18 Yikai Wang , Xinghao Chen , Lele Cao , Wenbing Huang , Fuchun Sun , Yunhe Wang

Machine learning holds promise for advancing clinical decision support, yet it remains unclear when multimodal learning truly helps in practice, particularly under modality missingness and fairness constraints. In this work, we conduct a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Kejing Yin , Haizhou Xu , Wenfang Yao , Chen Liu , Zijie Chen , Yui Haang Cheung , William K. Cheung , Jing Qin

Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) enable direct communication between the brain and external devices. This review highlights the core decoding algorithms that enable multimodal BCIs, including a dissection of the elements, a unified view of…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Siyang Li , Hongbin Wang , Xiaoqing Chen , Dongrui Wu

Natural human interactions for Mixed Reality Applications are overwhelmingly multimodal: humans communicate intent and instructions via a combination of visual, aural and gestural cues. However, supporting low-latency and accurate…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-12-21 Darshana Rathnayake , Ashen de Silva , Dasun Puwakdandawa , Lakmal Meegahapola , Archan Misra , Indika Perera

Naturally, humans use multiple modalities to convey information. The modalities are processed both sequentially and in parallel for communication in the human brain, this changes when humans interact with computers. Empowering computers…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-06-09 Muhammad Zeeshan Baig , Manolya Kavakli

Multimodal sentiment analysis in federated learning environments faces significant challenges due to missing modalities, heterogeneous data distributions, and unreliable client updates. Existing federated approaches often struggle to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Xianxun Zhu , Zezhong Sun , Imad Rida , Erik Cambria , Junqi Su , Rui Wang , Hui Chen

Multimodal learning has increasingly become a focal point in research, primarily due to its ability to integrate complementary information from diverse modalities. Nevertheless, modality imbalance, stemming from factors such as insufficient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Rongrong Xie , Guido Sanguinetti

Multimodal research is an emerging field of artificial intelligence, and one of the main research problems in this field is multimodal fusion. The fusion of multimodal data is the process of integrating multiple unimodal representations…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-06-04 Zhun Liu , Ying Shen , Varun Bharadhwaj Lakshminarasimhan , Paul Pu Liang , Amir Zadeh , Louis-Philippe Morency

Multi-modal image fusion (MMIF) maps useful information from various modalities into the same representation space, thereby producing an informative fused image. However, the existing fusion algorithms tend to symmetrically fuse the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-12 Jingxue Huang , Xilai Li , Tianshu Tan , Xiaosong Li , Tao Ye

Multimodal emotion recognition from physiological signals is receiving an increasing amount of attention due to the impossibility to control them at will unlike behavioral reactions, thus providing more reliable information. Existing deep…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Eleonora Lopez , Eleonora Chiarantano , Eleonora Grassucci , Danilo Comminiello

Training multimodal networks requires a vast amount of data due to their larger parameter space compared to unimodal networks. Active learning is a widely used technique for reducing data annotation costs by selecting only those samples…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Meng Shen , Yizheng Huang , Jianxiong Yin , Heqing Zou , Deepu Rajan , Simon See

The goal of multi-modal learning is to use complimentary information on the relevant task provided by the multiple modalities to achieve reliable and robust performance. Recently, deep learning has led significant improvement in multi-modal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-11-05 Jaekyum Kim , Junho Koh , Yecheol Kim , Jaehyung Choi , Youngbae Hwang , Jun Won Choi

Real-world problems are often dependent on multiple data modalities, making multimodal fusion essential for leveraging diverse information sources. In high-stakes domains, such as in healthcare, understanding how each modality contributes…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Mafalda Malafaia , Thalea Schlender , Tanja Alderliesten , Peter A. N. Bosman

In the field of affective computing, traditional methods for generating emotions predominantly rely on deep learning techniques and large-scale emotion datasets. However, deep learning techniques are often complex and difficult to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Haidong Wang , Qia Shan , JianHua Zhang , PengFei Xiao , Ao Liu

Abstract: Bionic learning with fused sensing, memory and processing functions outperforms artificial neural networks running on silicon chips in terms of efficiency and footprint. However, digital hardware implementation of bionic learning…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2022-02-22 Shijie Wang , Xi Chen , Chao Zhao , Yuxin Kong , Baojun Lin , Yongyi Wu , Zhaozhao Bi , Ziyi Xuan , Tao Li , Yuxiang Li , Wei Zhang , En Ma , Zhongrui Wang , Wei Ma

To address the limitation in multimodal emotion recognition (MER) performance arising from inter-modal information fusion, we propose a novel MER framework based on multitask learning where fusion occurs after alignment, called Foal-Net.…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Qifei Li , Yingming Gao , Yuhua Wen , Cong Wang , Ya Li