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Large language models (LLMs) are rapidly emerging in Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications, especially in the fields of natural language processing and generative AI. Not limited to text generation applications, these models inherently…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-04-25 Dimitrios Michael Manias , Ali Chouman , Abdallah Shami

Low-Altitude Wireless Networks (LAWNs), composed of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) and mobile terminals, are emerging as a critical extension of 6G. However, applying Large Language Models in LAWNs faces three major challenges: 1)…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Li Dong , Feibo Jiang , Kezhi Wang , Cunhua Pan , Dong In Kim , Ekram Hossain

With the emergence of large model-based agents, widely adopted transformer-based architectures inevitably produce excessively long token embeddings for transmission, which may result in high bandwidth overhead, increased power consumption…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Junhe Zhang , Wanli Ni , Pengwei Wang , Dongyu Wang

Owing to its comprehensive understanding of upper-layer application requirements and the capabilities of practical communication systems, the 6G-LLM (6G domain large language model) offers a promising pathway toward realizing network native…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-16 Zhuoran Xiao , Tao Tao , Chenhui Ye , Yunbo Hu , Yijia Feng , Tianyu Jiao , Liyu Cai

Conventional mechanical design follows an iterative process in which initial concepts are refined through cycles of expert assessment and resource-intensive Finite Element Method (FEM) analysis to meet performance goals. While machine…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Yayati Jadhav , Amir Barati Farimani

Artificial intelligence (AI) and large language models (LLMs) are transforming educational technology by enabling conversational tutoring, personalized explanations, and inquiry-driven learning. However, most AI-based learning systems rely…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Joseph Walusimbi , Ann Move Oguti , Joshua Benjamin Ssentongo , Keith Ainebyona

Artificial intelligence (AI) is expected to serve as a foundational capability across the entire lifecycle of 6G networks, spanning design, deployment, and operation. This article proposes a native AI-driven air interface architecture built…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Ping Zhang , Kai Niu , Yiming Liu , Zijian Liang , Nan Ma , Xiaodong Xu , Wenjun Xu , Mengying Sun , Yinqiu Liu , Xiaoyun Wang , Ruichen Zhang

The evolution of 6G networks demands ultra-massive connectivity and intelligent radio environments, yet existing reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) technologies face critical limitations in hardware efficiency, dynamic control, and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-19 Yunsong Huang , Hui-Ming Wang , Qingli Yan , Zhaowei Wang

The advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) has revolutionized language understanding and human-like text generation, drawing interest from many other fields with this question in mind: What else are the LLMs capable of? Despite their…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Nurullah Sevim , Mostafa Ibrahim , Sabit Ekin

Multimodal artificial intelligence (AI) systems have the potential to enhance clinical decision-making by interpreting various types of medical data. However, the effectiveness of these models across all medical fields is uncertain. Each…

Driven by the interplay among artificial intelligence, digital twin, and wireless networks, 6G is envisaged to go beyond data-centric services to provide intelligent and immersive experiences. To efficiently support intelligent tasks with…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-03-24 Yuanming Shi , Yong Zhou , Dingzhu Wen , Youlong Wu , Chunxiao Jiang , Khaled B. Letaief

Modern aerospace defense systems increasingly rely on autonomous decision-making to coordinate large numbers of interceptors against multiple incoming threats. Conventional weapon-target assignment (WTA) algorithms, including mixed-integer…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-14 Johannes Autenrieb , Ole Ostermann

Large Language Models (LLMs), AI-driven models that can achieve general-purpose language understanding and generation, have emerged as a transformative force, revolutionizing fields well beyond Natural Language Processing (NLP) and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Ali Maatouk , Nicola Piovesan , Fadhel Ayed , Antonio De Domenico , Merouane Debbah

Emerging 6G networks rely on complex cross-layer optimization, yet manually translating high-level intents into mathematical formulations remains a bottleneck. While Large Language Models (LLMs) offer promise, monolithic approaches often…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Haoyun Li , Ming Xiao , Kezhi Wang , Robert Schober , Dong In Kim , Yong Liang Guan

The evolution toward 6G networks demands a fundamental shift from bit-centric transmission to semantic-aware communication that emphasizes task-relevant information. This work introduces TOAST (Task-Oriented Adaptive Semantic Transmission),…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Sheng Yun , Jianhua Pei , Ping Wang

AI WiFi offload is emerging as a promising approach for providing large language model (LLM) services to resource-constrained wireless devices. However, unlike conventional edge computing, LLM inference over WiFi must jointly address…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Mingqi Han , Xinghua Sun

Modern signal processing (SP) pipelines, whether model-based or data-driven, often constrained by complex and fragmented workflow, rely heavily on expert knowledge and manual engineering, and struggle with adaptability and generalization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Junlong Ke , Qiying Hu , Shenghai Yuan , Yuecong Xu , Jianfei Yang

Rapidly developing large language models (LLMs) have brought tremendous intelligent applications. Especially, the GPT-4o's excellent duplex speech interaction ability has brought impressive experience to users. Researchers have recently…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Xiong Wang , Yangze Li , Chaoyou Fu , Yunhang Shen , Lei Xie , Ke Li , Xing Sun , Long Ma

The integration of Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence (ML/AI) into fifth-generation (5G) networks has made evident the limitations of network intelligence with ever-increasing, strenuous requirements for current and…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Dimitrios Michael Manias , Ali Chouman , Abdallah Shami

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized the field of artificial intelligence (AI) through their advanced reasoning capabilities, but their extensive parameter sets introduce significant inference latency, posing a challenge to…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Shuying Gan , Xijun Wang , Chenyuan Feng , Chao Xu , Howard H. Yang , Xiang Chen , Tony Q. S. Quek
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