Related papers: Analog Foundation Models

Analog-Based In-Memory Computing (AIMC) inference accelerators can be used to efficiently execute Deep Neural Network (DNN) inference workloads. However, to mitigate accuracy losses, due to circuit and device non-idealities, Hardware-Aware…

Large Language Models (LLMs) face significant deployment challenges due to their substantial resource requirements. While low-bit quantized weights can reduce memory usage and improve inference efficiency, current hardware lacks native…

Silicon-based analog neural networks physically embody the ideal neural network model in an approximate way. We show that by retraining the neural network using a physics-informed hardware-aware model one can fully recover the inference…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have propelled groundbreaking advancements across several domains and are commonly used for text generation applications. However, the computational demands of these complex models pose significant challenges,…

Post-training weight-only quantization to 4 bits is widely used to reduce the memory and compute costs of large language model inference. Existing PTQ methods, such as AWQ and GPTQ, improve how weights are mapped onto a fixed 4-bit grid…

The efficient distributed training of Large Language Models (LLMs) is severely hampered by the extreme variance in context lengths. This data heterogeneity, amplified by conventional packing strategies and asymmetric forward-backward costs,…

With the advent of high-speed, high-precision, and low-power mixed-signal systems, there is an ever-growing demand for accurate, fast, and energy-efficient analog-to-digital (ADCs) and digital-to-analog converters (DACs). Unfortunately,…

Compute-in-memory (CiM) architectures promise significant improvements in energy efficiency and throughput for deep neural network acceleration by alleviating the von Neumann bottleneck. However, their reliance on emerging non-volatile…

We push the boundaries of electronic structure-based \textit{ab-initio} molecular dynamics (AIMD) beyond 100 million atoms. This scale is otherwise barely reachable with classical force-field methods or novel neural network and machine…

A large language model (LLM) is one of the most important emerging machine learning applications nowadays. However, due to its huge model size and runtime increase of the memory footprint, LLM inferences suffer from the lack of memory…

This paper presents an innovative approach utilizing in-memory computing (IMC) for the development and integration of AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) cipher technique. Our research aims to enhance cybersecurity measures for a wide range…

Large language models (LLMs) are rapidly pushing the limits of contemporary computing hardware. For example, training GPT-3 has been estimated to consume around 1300 MWh of electricity, and projections suggest future models may require…

The resurgence of near-memory processing (NMP) with the advent of big data has shifted the computation paradigm from processor-centric to memory-centric computing. To meet the bandwidth and capacity demands of memory-centric computing, 3D…

Deploying Large Language Models (LLMs) efficiently on edge devices is often constrained by limited memory capacity and high power consumption. Low-bit quantization methods, particularly ternary quantization, have demonstrated significant…

The Abstraction and Reasoning Corpus (ARC) poses a stringent test of general AI capabilities, requiring solvers to infer abstract patterns from only a handful of examples. Despite substantial progress in deep learning, state-of-the-art…

Large Language Models (LLMs) are powerful but incur high memory and computation costs. Quantization is an effective solution, with INT weights and FP activations being widely adopted to preserve accuracy. Prior works further reduce FP…

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable advancements in natural language processing, showcasing exceptional performance across various tasks. However, the expensive memory and computational requirements present significant…

Transformer models represent the cutting edge of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) and excel in a wide range of machine learning tasks. However, processing these models demands significant computational resources and results in a substantial…

Deploying Large Language Models (LLMs) on edge devices faces severe computational and memory constraints, limiting real-time processing and on-device intelligence. Hybrid architectures combining Structured State Space Models (SSMs) with…

The rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) necessitates a deep understanding of their fundamental performance limits. This paper investigates the limits of LLM inference, focusing on hardware-imposed bottlenecks in…